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Related Concept Videos

Bacterial Meningitis I: Introduction01:22

Bacterial Meningitis I: Introduction

Bacterial meningitis is a severe, life-threatening inflammation of the meninges, particularly the pia mater and arachnoid mater, affecting the subarachnoid space, ventricles, and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). If untreated, it can lead to significant neurological complications or death.Causative AgentsCommon pathogens vary with age and immune status. In adults, major organisms include Streptococcus pneumoniae, Neisseria meningitidis, and Haemophilus influenzae. Streptococcus agalactiae (group B...
Bacterial Meningitis01:24

Bacterial Meningitis

Bacterial meningitis is a severe infectious disease involving inflammation of the meninges, the protective membranes surrounding the brain and spinal cord. It occurs when pathogenic bacteria cross the blood–brain barrier and enter the cerebrospinal fluid. Common causative organisms include Neisseria meningitidis, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae type b, Listeria monocytogenes, and Escherichia coli K1. The exact route of entry varies by pathogen and host condition.Routes of Entry...
Bacterial Meningitis II: Pathophysiology01:26

Bacterial Meningitis II: Pathophysiology

Bacterial meningitis typically begins when pathogens such as Neisseria meningitidis and Streptococcus pneumoniae colonize the nasopharynx and invade the bloodstream. This process is facilitated by bacterial virulence factors, such as polysaccharide capsules, which resist phagocytosis and complement-mediated killing. Less commonly, bacteria reach the central nervous system via contiguous spread from infections like otitis media or sinusitis, through congenital or acquired dural defects, or...
Cryptococcal Meningitis01:27

Cryptococcal Meningitis

Cryptococcal meningitis is a life-threatening opportunistic infection predominantly associated with HIV/AIDS, accounting for over 100,000 deaths annually worldwide. However, it also affects individuals with other forms of immunosuppression, including those undergoing immunosuppressive therapy, organ transplant recipients, patients with innate immunodeficiencies, and individuals with hematological disorders. The infection is caused mainly by Cryptococcus neoformans and Cryptococcus gattii,...
Brain Abscess l: Introduction01:26

Brain Abscess l: Introduction

A brain abscess is a focal, intracerebral infection characterized by a localized collection of pus within the brain parenchyma, resulting from microbial invasion and the body’s inflammatory response. It progresses through stages: early and late cerebritis, followed by early and late capsule formation, reflecting tissue destruction, immune response, and eventual encapsulation.Etiology and PathogenesisCausative organisms vary with source and host factors, often involving polymicrobial infections,...
Viral Meningitis01:18

Viral Meningitis

Viral meningitis is the most common form of meningitis and is often referred to as aseptic meningitis to indicate the absence of bacterial involvement. It is generally milder than bacterial meningitis, with symptoms including fever, headache, stiff neck, drowsiness, nausea, photophobia, and vomiting. Rarely, more severe manifestations or death may occur. Common causative agents include enteroviruses, particularly coxsackie A and B viruses and echoviruses, all members of the Enterovirus genus...

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Intracranial Subarachnoidal Route of Infection for Investigating Roles of Streptococcus suis Biofilms in Meningitis in a Mouse Infection Model
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Intradural dermoid masquerading as pyogenic meningitis: case report.

J S Kaushik1, S Gomber, P Dewan

  • 1Department of Paediatrics, University College of Medical Sciences and Guru Teg Bahadur Hospital, Delhi, India.

Annals of Tropical Paediatrics
|November 28, 2009
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Intraspinal dermoid tumors are rare childhood growths. This case highlights a rare presentation mimicking meningitis in a young boy.

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Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Neurosurgery
  • Developmental Neurology
  • Oncology

Background:

  • Intraspinal dermoid tumors are congenital tumors arising from ectopic dermal elements during neural tube closure.
  • These tumors are typically found along the midline of the neuraxis, most commonly in the lumbosacral region.
  • While often asymptomatic or presenting with neurological deficits like paraplegia or bowel/bladder dysfunction, they can rarely present with atypical symptoms.

Observation:

  • A 3-year-old boy presented with signs suggestive of meningitis, including fever, nuchal rigidity, and irritability.
  • Initial diagnostic workup focused on infectious causes, leading to a presumptive diagnosis of pyogenic meningitis.
  • Further investigation revealed an intradural mass, which upon surgical resection and histopathological examination, was confirmed as a dermoid tumor.

Findings:

  • The intradural dermoid tumor in this pediatric patient presented with meningeal signs, a highly unusual clinical manifestation.
  • This presentation mimicked pyogenic meningitis, underscoring the importance of considering rare neoplastic etiologies in pediatric neurological emergencies.
  • The tumor's location and presentation highlight the diverse clinical spectrum of intraspinal dermoid tumors.

Implications:

  • This case expands the known clinical spectrum of intraspinal dermoid tumors, emphasizing that meningeal signs can be a presenting feature.
  • It underscores the diagnostic challenge posed by dermoid tumors that masquerade as more common pediatric conditions like meningitis.
  • Early recognition and consideration of intraspinal tumors in the differential diagnosis of pediatric meningitis are crucial for timely and appropriate management.