Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jun 18, 2026

Investigating the Potential of Singly Curved Thin Piezoelectric Transducers for Energy Harvesting and Structural Health Monitoring
Published on: November 14, 2025
Multimodal electromechanical model of piezoelectric transformers by Hamilton's principle
Clement Nadal1, Francois Pigache
1Laboratoire Plasma et Conversion d'Energie, Ecole Nationale Superieure d'Electrotechnique, d'Electronique, d'Informatique, d'Hydraulique et des Telecommunications, Universite de Toulouse, INP, UPS, F-31071Toulouse cedex 7, France.
Abstract:
This work deals with a general energetic approach to establish an accurate electromechanical model of a piezoelectric transformer (PT). Hamilton's principle is used to obtain the equations of motion for free vibrations. The modal characteristics (mass, stiffness, primary and secondary electromechanical conversion factors) are also deduced. Then, to illustrate this general electromechanical method, the variational principle is applied to both homogeneous and nonhomogeneous Rosen-type PT models. A comparison of modal parameters, mechanical displacements, and electrical potentials are presented for both models. Finally, the validity of the electrodynamical model of nonhomogeneous Rosen-type PT is confirmed by a numerical comparison based on a finite elements method and an experimental identification.
Related Concept Videos
Transformers with Off-Nominal Turns Ratios
The Ideal Transformer
Ampere's Law forms the basis of understanding the magnetic field within the transformer. It states that the integral of the magnetic field intensity's tangential component...
Equivalent Circuits for Practical Transformers
In a practical transformer, each winding exhibits resistance and leakage reactance. The winding...
Three-Winding Transformers
In the per-unit equivalent circuit of a grounded Y-Y three-phase...
Transformers
The iron core has a substantial relative permeability. Therefore, the magnetic field lines generated due to the current in one winding are almost entirely confined within the core, such that the same magnetic flux permeates each turn of both...
Simplified Synchronous Machine Model
In this model, each generator is connected to a...

