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Optimized Bone Sampling Protocols for the Retrieval of Ancient DNA from Archaeological Remains

Optimized Bone Sampling Protocols for the Retrieval of Ancient DNA from Archaeological Remains

Published on: November 30, 2021

Archaeological demography.

Andrew Chamberlain¹

¹Department of Archeology, University of Sheffield, Northgate House, West Street, Sheffield S1 4ET, United Kingdom.

|December 1, 2009

Summary

Archaeological demography uses material culture and radiocarbon data to study past populations. Catastrophic mortality events may have significantly limited prehistoric population growth.

Area of Science:

Archaeological demography
Paleogenetics
Human ecology

Background:

Investigates past human population structure and dynamics using archaeological evidence.
Interdisciplinary field incorporating anthropology, paleogenetics, and human ecology.
Extends beyond the biological focus of paleodemography.

Purpose of the Study:

Establish methods for inferring past population structure.
Determine the emergence of modern human demographic systems.
Analyze mortality patterns and explain demographic transitions, colonization, and extinctions.

Main Methods:

Utilizes archaeological evidence (settlement extent, site catchment, material use) as proxies for population size and density.
Incorporates large datasets from radiocarbon dating programs.

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Last Updated: Jun 18, 2026

Optimized Bone Sampling Protocols for the Retrieval of Ancient DNA from Archaeological Remains

Optimized Bone Sampling Protocols for the Retrieval of Ancient DNA from Archaeological Remains

Published on: November 30, 2021

Sampling and Pretreatment of Tooth Enamel Carbonate for Stable Carbon and Oxygen Isotope Analysis

Sampling and Pretreatment of Tooth Enamel Carbonate for Stable Carbon and Oxygen Isotope Analysis

Published on: August 15, 2018

Scanning Skeletal Remains for Bone Mineral Density in Forensic Contexts

Scanning Skeletal Remains for Bone Mineral Density in Forensic Contexts

Published on: January 29, 2018

Analyzes human genetic diversity data.

Main Results:

Radiocarbon data reveal demographic waves of advance, colonization, and cultural change.
Identifies episodes of population decline, extinction, and settlement hiatuses.
Genetic diversity studies suggest drastic reductions in effective population size.

Conclusions:

Hypothesizes that catastrophic mortality played a significant role in long-term population processes.
Suggests catastrophic mortality limited long-term population growth, especially in prehistoric times.