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Updated: Jun 18, 2026

Optimized Interferon-gamma ELISpot Assay to Measure T Cell Responses in the Guinea Pig Model after Vaccination
Published on: January 20, 2019
A randomized, double-blind, dose-finding Phase II study to evaluate immunogenicity and safety of the third generation
Alfred von Krempelhuber1, Jens Vollmar, Rolf Pokorny
1Bavarian Nordic GmbH, Fraunhoferstrasse 13, 82152 Martinsried, Germany. alfred.krempelhuber@bavarian-nordic.com
Abstract:
IMVAMUNE is a Modified Vaccinia Ankara (MVA)-based virus that is being developed as a safer 3rd generation smallpox vaccine. In order to determine the optimal dose for further development, a double-blind, randomized Phase II trial was performed testing three different doses of IMVAMUNE in 164 healthy volunteers. All three IMVAMUNE doses displayed a favourable safety profile, with local reactions as the most frequent observation. The 1 x 10(8)TCID(50) IMVAMUNE dose induced a total antibody response in 94% of the subjects following the first vaccination and the highest peak seroconversion rates by ELISA (100%) and PRNT (71%). This IMVAMUNE dose was considered to be optimal for the further clinical development of this highly attenuated poxvirus as a safer smallpox vaccine.
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