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Coagulation/flocculation process for dye removal using sludge from water treatment plant: optimization through
S Sadri Moghaddam1, M R Alavi Moghaddam, M Arami
1Civil and Environmental Engineering Department, Amirkabir University of Technology (AUT), Hafez St., Tehran 15875-4413, Iran.
Journal of Hazardous Materials
|December 1, 2009
Summary
Waterworks sludge, ferric chloride sludge (FCS), effectively removes acid red 119 (AR119) dye via coagulation/flocculation. Optimized conditions achieved over 96% dye removal, offering a cost-effective wastewater treatment solution.
Area of Science:
- Environmental Chemistry
- Water Treatment Technologies
Background:
- Acid red 119 (AR119) is a common dye pollutant in industrial wastewater.
- Effective and economical dye removal methods are crucial for environmental protection.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the use of waterworks sludge, specifically ferric chloride sludge (FCS), for removing AR119 dye.
- To optimize the coagulation/flocculation process parameters for AR119 dye removal using FCS.
Main Methods:
- Response surface methodology (RSM) was employed to optimize key variables.
- Variables optimized included initial pH, coagulant dosage (FCS), and initial dye concentration.
- Coagulation/flocculation experiments were conducted in aqueous solutions.
Main Results:
- Decreasing initial pH significantly enhanced AR119 dye removal.
- Optimal conditions were determined as pH 3.5, 236.68 mg dried FCS/L, and 65.91 mg/L initial dye concentration.
- A maximum dye removal efficiency of 96.53% was achieved, closely matching RSM predictions.
Conclusions:
- Ferric chloride sludge (FCS) is a viable, low-cost material for AR119 dye removal in wastewater treatment.
- The study demonstrates the potential for reusing industrial sludge, leading to economic savings and efficient pollutant removal.
- Sweep flocculation and charge neutralization are likely mechanisms responsible for dye removal by FCS.
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