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Related Concept Videos

Functions of the Nervous System01:18

Functions of the Nervous System

The nervous system is responsible for coordinating and regulating the body's functions. It functions through three main processes: sensory, integrative, and motor processes. Sensory function involves the detection and transmission of information about internal and external stimuli from sensory receptors to the CNS. The CNS processes this information through an integrative function, where it interprets and makes decisions based on the incoming sensory information. Finally, the motor function...
Nociception01:44

Nociception

Nociception—the ability to feel pain—is essential for an organism’s survival and overall well-being. Noxious stimuli such as piercing pain from a sharp object, heat from an open flame, or contact with corrosive chemicals are first detected by sensory receptors, called nociceptors, located on nerve endings. Nociceptors express ion channels that convert noxious stimuli into electrical signals. When these signals reach the brain via sensory neurons, they are perceived as pain. Thus, pain helps the...
Cranial Nerves: Types Part I01:14

Cranial Nerves: Types Part I

Cranial nerves are responsible for transmitting motor and sensory information between the brain and various parts of the body. There are twelve pairs of cranial nerves, with the first six being essential in sensory perception, motor control, and autonomic functions related to the head and neck.
Olfactory Nerve (Cranial Nerve I)
The olfactory nerve, or cranial nerve I, is unique as it is purely sensory and dedicated to the sense of smell. This nerve originates in the olfactory epithelium of the...
Nervous Tissue: Neuron Types01:19

Nervous Tissue: Neuron Types

Neurons, the fundamental units of the nervous system, can be classified based on both their structural and functional characteristics.
Structurally, neurons are categorized into three main types: multipolar, bipolar, and unipolar (or pseudounipolar). Multipolar neurons, which are the most common type in the brain and spinal cord, as well as all motor neurons, possess multiple dendrites and a single axon.
Bipolar neurons, on the other hand, have one primary dendrite and one axon. They are...
Nervous System01:21

Nervous System

The nervous system coordinates body functions through its complex network of nerve cells, enabling sensation and movement. It is divided into two primary parts: the central nervous system (CNS) and the peripheral nervous system (PNS). The CNS is composed of the brain and the spinal cord. The brain acts as the body's control center, processing sensory information and coordinating responses. The spinal cord functions as a major signaling pathway for the brain and the rest of the body.
Extending...
Sensory Functions of the Skin01:16

Sensory Functions of the Skin

The skin is the largest organ of the human body and plays a crucial role in our sensory perception. It contains a vast network of sensory receptors that contribute to the skin's protective function by perceiving physical, biological, and environmental cues and generating relevant responses.
There are two main categories of receptors on the skin: capsulated and non-capsulated. The non-capsulated ones are mainly the pain receptors. The capsulated ones can be further categorized based on the...

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The multiple functions of Numb.

Alberto Gulino1, Lucia Di Marcotullio, Isabella Screpanti

  • 1Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University, 324 viale Regina Elena, 00161 Rome, Italy. alberto.gulino@uniroma1.it

Experimental Cell Research
|December 1, 2009
PubMed
Summary

Mammalian Numb (mNumb) protein regulates cell fate and development through diverse functions. Dysregulation of mNumb contributes to diseases like cancer, highlighting its critical roles.

Area of Science:

  • Cell Biology
  • Developmental Biology
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Numb is an evolutionarily conserved protein crucial for cell fate determination.
  • Mammalian Numb (mNumb) exhibits greater structural complexity with multiple genes (Numb, Numb-like) and splice isoforms.
  • mNumb participates in various cellular processes including asymmetric cell division, endocytosis, and signaling pathways.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the multifaceted functions of mammalian Numb (mNumb).
  • To elucidate the molecular mechanisms underlying mNumb's roles in development and disease.
  • To highlight the involvement of Numb-dependent pathways in pathological conditions.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of existing studies on Numb protein.

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  • Analysis of Numb's structural complexity and alternative splicing.
  • Examination of Numb's involvement in key signaling pathways (Notch, Hedgehog, p53).

    • Main Results:

    • mNumb controls critical developmental processes like cell fate choice and asymmetric cell division.
    • mNumb is implicated in fundamental cellular functions such as endocytosis, adhesion, and migration.
    • Aberrant Numb function is linked to the pathogenesis of diseases, notably cancer.

    Conclusions:

    • Mammalian Numb (mNumb) is a key regulator of cell fate and development.
    • The complex functions of mNumb are critical in both physiological processes and disease states.
    • Understanding mNumb's molecular mechanisms offers insights into developmental biology and disease pathology.