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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 18, 2026

Design and Implementation of an fMRI Study Examining Thought Suppression in Young Women with, and At-risk, for Depression

Design and Implementation of an fMRI Study Examining Thought Suppression in Young Women with, and At-risk, for Depression

Published on: May 19, 2015

Self-referential processing and the prefrontal cortex over the course of depression: a pilot study.

Cédric Lemogne¹, Helen Mayberg, Loretxu Bergouignan

¹CNRS USR 3246, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Paris, France. cedric.lemogne@orange.fr

Journal of Affective Disorders

|December 1, 2009

Summary

Antidepressant treatment in depression stabilized left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) activation, suggesting improved cognitive control. However, dorsal medial prefrontal cortex (MPFC) hyperactivity persisted, indicating specific treatment effects.

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Area of Science:

Neuroscience
Psychiatry
Cognitive Psychology

Background:

Depression is linked to cognitive biases, particularly maladaptive self-focus.
Previous fMRI studies identified unique dorsal medial prefrontal cortex (MPFC) and left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) activation patterns in depressed patients during self-referential processing.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the stability of MPFC and DLPFC activation patterns in depressed patients over time.
To examine the impact of antidepressant treatment on these neural correlates of self-focus in depression.

Main Methods:

A pilot study using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI).
Sixteen participants (8 depressed inpatients, 8 healthy controls) underwent two fMRI scanning sessions at least 6 weeks apart.
Participants performed self-referential ('self') and general ('general') judgment tasks involving personality traits, while receiving antidepressant treatment between sessions.

Main Results:

After a mean of 9 weeks, depressed patients showed normalized left DLPFC activation during the 'self' vs. 'general' condition.
Hyperactivity in the dorsal MPFC during the 'self' vs. 'general' condition persisted in depressed patients.
The small sample size precluded subgroup analyses of treatment responders versus non-responders.

Conclusions:

Antidepressant treatment appears to rebalance cognitive control allocation, as indicated by changes in left DLPFC activation.
The persistent dorsal MPFC hyperactivity suggests distinct neural effects of antidepressants compared to cognitive behavior therapy (CBT).
Future research should explore the link between dorsal MPFC activity and the need for CBT to reduce self-focus in depression management.