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Related Experiment Videos

Gluteal compartment syndrome: a case report.

Nadia M Mustafa1, Aerin Hyun, James S Kumar

  • 1Internal Medicine Residency Program, College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 611 W Park St, Urbana, IL 61801, USA. mustafamnadia@gmail.com

Cases Journal
|December 1, 2009
PubMed
Summary

Occult gluteal compartment syndrome can cause severe rhabdomyolysis and renal failure. Prompt diagnosis and surgical fasciotomy are crucial for treatment and preventing mortality in this rare condition.

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Area of Science:

  • Medical Case Study
  • Surgical Case Report

Background:

  • Gluteal compartment syndrome is a rare condition often missed, potentially leading to severe outcomes like renal failure, sepsis, and death.
  • Delayed diagnosis of gluteal compartment syndrome significantly increases morbidity and mortality risks.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To report a case of occult gluteal compartment syndrome presenting as unresolving rhabdomyolysis.
  • To highlight the diagnostic challenges and treatment of gluteal compartment syndrome.

Main Methods:

  • A case of a 50-year-old male with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease admitted after a fall and loss of consciousness.
  • Initial presentation included severe rhabdomyolysis, opioid abuse, and acute renal failure, unresponsive to intensive therapy.
  • Diagnosis of gluteal compartment syndrome was confirmed via CT scan after the patient reported hip discomfort, leading to emergent surgery.

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Main Results:

  • The patient's condition initially worsened despite intensive therapy for rhabdomyolysis and renal failure.
  • Physical examination revealed swelling and tenderness in the right gluteal region.
  • Emergent surgery for gluteal compartment syndrome led to significant clinical improvement.

Conclusions:

  • Gluteal compartment syndrome often affects individuals with altered mental status due to prolonged compression.
  • The anatomical location and rarity of gluteal compartment syndrome contribute to delayed or missed diagnoses.
  • Fasciotomy is the primary treatment for gluteal compartment syndrome, essential for mitigating morbidity and mortality.