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Related Concept Videos

Vascular Spasm01:16

Vascular Spasm

The vascular phase, also known as vasospasm, is the initial stage of hemostasis, crucial for preventing excessive bleeding when a blood vessel is injured. After a vessel is cut, nerves in the damaged area trigger pain and other sensory impulses. Simultaneously, the smooth muscles in the vessel wall contract, resulting in a vascular spasm. This contraction reduces the vessel's diameter at the injury site, slowing or stopping blood loss through the vessel wall. Vascular spasms typically last for...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 18, 2026

Vessel-sparing Excision and Primary Anastomosis
08:09

Vessel-sparing Excision and Primary Anastomosis

Published on: January 7, 2019

Medium-size-vessel vasculitis.

Michael J Dillon1, Despina Eleftheriou, Paul A Brogan

  • 1Nephrourology Unit, UCL Institute of Child Health, 30 Guilford Street, London WC1N 1EH, UK. m.dillon@ich.ucl.ac.uk

Pediatric Nephrology (Berlin, Germany)
|December 1, 2009
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Childhood medium-size artery vasculitides like polyarteritis nodosa (PAN) and Kawasaki disease can cause serious illness. New PAN criteria and therapies, including IV-Ig for Kawasaki disease, offer improved treatment and prognosis.

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Last Updated: Jun 18, 2026

Vessel-sparing Excision and Primary Anastomosis
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Published on: January 7, 2019

Establishment and Confirmation of a Postnatal Right Ventricular Volume Overload Mouse Model
06:04

Establishment and Confirmation of a Postnatal Right Ventricular Volume Overload Mouse Model

Published on: June 9, 2023

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Rheumatology
  • Immunology
  • Cardiology

Background:

  • Medium-size artery vasculitides are significant causes of childhood morbidity.
  • Key conditions include polyarteritis nodosa (PAN), cutaneous PAN, and Kawasaki disease.
  • PAN presents serious risks, while Kawasaki disease is a leading cause of acquired heart disease in children.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current understanding of childhood medium-size artery vasculitides.
  • To highlight diagnostic advancements and therapeutic options.
  • To discuss the pathogenetic mechanisms and long-term outcomes.

Main Methods:

  • Review of literature on pediatric vasculitides.
  • Discussion of validated classification criteria for PAN.
  • Analysis of current and emerging treatment strategies.

Main Results:

  • New PAN classification criteria enhance epidemiological and clinical trial utility.
  • Renal involvement is frequent in PAN and Kawasaki disease, with potential for renal failure.
  • Intravenous immunoglobulin (IV-Ig) and aspirin are primary treatments for Kawasaki disease, with steroids or infliximab for resistant cases.

Conclusions:

  • Improved understanding of pathogenesis and long-term follow-up are crucial for better therapy and prognosis.
  • Advances in diagnostics and therapeutics offer hope for managing these serious childhood conditions.
  • Further research into pathogenetic mechanisms will refine treatment strategies for pediatric vasculitides.