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Related Experiment Video

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Protocol for Studying Extinction of Conditioned Fear in Naturally Cycling Female Rats
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Published on: February 23, 2015

Sex differences in interpersonal problems: a circumplex analysis.

Michael B Gurtman1, Debbiesiu L Lee

  • 1Department of Psychology, University of Wisconsin-Parkside, Kenosha, WI 53141, USA. gurtman@uwp.edu

Psychological Assessment
|December 2, 2009
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Men and women differ in interpersonal problems along a hostile-dominant versus friendly-submissive dimension. This finding, based on the Inventory of Interpersonal Problems (IIP), was consistent across multiple samples and analysis levels.

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Area of Science:

  • Psychology
  • Social Psychology
  • Personality Psychology

Background:

  • Interpersonal problems are a significant aspect of psychological functioning.
  • Previous research has explored sex differences in various psychological domains, but a clear understanding of interpersonal differences is still developing.
  • The interpersonal circumplex model provides a framework for understanding interpersonal behavior.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To examine the structure and magnitude of sex differences in interpersonal problems.
  • To identify specific dimensions of interpersonal difficulties where men and women differ.
  • To assess the consistency of these differences across different datasets and analysis levels.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized self-reported interpersonal difficulties assessed with the 64-item version of the Inventory of Interpersonal Problems (IIP).
  • Employed the interpersonal circumplex model and the structural summary method for data analysis.
  • Conducted analyses at both the item level (specific complaints) and scale level (octant scores).

Main Results:

  • A primary dimension of sex difference was identified: problems in Hostile-Dominance versus Friendly-Submission.
  • The magnitude of effect sizes for these sex differences was consistent with previous findings in personality research.
  • A one-dimensional model effectively explained the observed sex differences in interpersonal problems.
  • Findings were consistent across three different types of samples.

Conclusions:

  • Sex differences in interpersonal problems are best characterized by a single dimension related to dominance and affiliation.
  • The Inventory of Interpersonal Problems (IIP) effectively captures these sex-differentiated interpersonal difficulties.
  • The structural summary method provides a robust approach for quantifying sex differences in interpersonal styles.