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Updated: Jun 18, 2026

A Standardized Protocol for Preference Testing to Assess Fish Welfare
07:29

A Standardized Protocol for Preference Testing to Assess Fish Welfare

Published on: February 22, 2020

Challenges in assessing fish welfare.

Gilson L Volpato1

  • 1Departamento de Fisiologia, IBB, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Cx. Postal 510, Cep 18618-000, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil. volpgil@gmail.com

ILAR Journal
|December 2, 2009
PubMed
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Scientific evidence suggests fish may experience pain and suffering, challenging assumptions about their welfare. Researchers advocate for focusing on conditions promoting a good state for fish, rather than proving they suffer.

Area of Science:

  • Animal Welfare Science
  • Ethology
  • Fish Biology

Background:

  • * Traditional assessments of animal sentience rely on indirect empirical evidence.
  • * Assumptions that fish do not experience suffering are scientifically unfounded and ethically concerning.
  • * The burden of proof often unfairly rests on demonstrating fish sentience.

Purpose of the Study:

  • * To address the controversy surrounding fish sentience and welfare.
  • * To critique current methods for assessing animal welfare (feeling-based, physiological, behavioral).
  • * To propose a shift towards identifying conditions that promote a 'good state' for animals, as defined by the animal itself.

Main Methods:

  • * Review of existing methodologies for assessing animal welfare.

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  • * Discussion of the limitations and problems associated with current approaches.
  • * Exploration of preference tests as a tool to determine an animal's chosen state.

    • Main Results:

    • * Current methods for assessing animal welfare are often inadequate or problematic.
    • * A significant body of indirect evidence supports the capacity for fish to experience pain and discomfort.
    • * Preference tests offer a promising avenue for understanding animal welfare from the animal's perspective.

    Conclusions:

    • * A paradigm shift is needed in animal welfare research, moving beyond proving suffering.
    • * Focus should be on identifying and providing conditions that animals actively choose, indicating a positive welfare state.
    • * This approach has broad implications for scientific research, education, aquariums, and fishing practices.