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Related Concept Videos

RNA Interference01:23

RNA Interference

RNA interference (RNAi) is a process in which a small non-coding RNA molecule blocks the post-transcriptional expression of a gene by binding to its messenger RNA (mRNA) and preventing the protein from being translated.
This process occurs naturally in cells, often through the activity of genomically-encoded microRNAs. Researchers can take advantage of this mechanism by introducing synthetic RNAs to deactivate specific genes for research or therapeutic purposes. For example, RNAi could be used...
RNA Interference01:23

RNA Interference

RNA interference (RNAi) is a process in which a small non-coding RNA molecule blocks the post-transcriptional expression of a gene by binding to its messenger RNA (mRNA) and preventing the protein from being translated.
This process occurs naturally in cells, often through the activity of genomically-encoded microRNAs. Researchers can take advantage of this mechanism by introducing synthetic RNAs to deactivate specific genes for research or therapeutic purposes. For example, RNAi could be used...
Experimental RNAi02:15

Experimental RNAi

RNA interference (RNAi) is a cellular mechanism that inhibits gene expression by suppressing its transcription or activating the RNA degradation process. The mechanism was discovered by Andrew Fire and Craig Mello in 1998 in plants. Today, it is observed in almost all eukaryotes, including protozoa, flies, nematodes, insects, parasites, and mammals. This precise cellular mechanism of gene silencing has been developed into a technique that provides an efficient way to identify and determine the...
Treatment Resistant Cancers02:56

Treatment Resistant Cancers

Cancer is the second leading cause of death in the United States. A cancer cell is genetically unstable and hence can mutate faster. They can also modify their microenvironment and escape immune surveillance. The difficulties in treating cancer are further compounded by the emergence of rapid resistance to anticancer drugs. The most common ways to attain resistance in cancer cells include alteration in drug transport and metabolism, modification of drug target, elevated DNA damage response, or...
siRNA - Small Interfering RNAs02:30

siRNA - Small Interfering RNAs

Small interfering RNAs, or siRNAs, are short regulatory RNA molecules that can silence genes post-transcriptionally, as well as the transcriptional level in some cases. siRNAs are important for protecting cells against viral infections and silencing transposable genetic elements.
In the cytoplasm, siRNA is processed from a double-stranded RNA, which comes from either endogenous DNA transcription or exogenous sources like a virus. This double-stranded RNA is then cleaved by the ATP-dependent...
Types of RNA01:23

Types of RNA

Overview
Three main types of RNA are involved in protein synthesis: messenger RNA (mRNA), transfer RNA (tRNA), and ribosomal RNA (rRNA). These RNAs perform diverse functions and can be broadly classified as protein-coding or non-coding RNA. Non-coding RNAs play important roles in the regulation of gene expression in response to developmental and environmental changes. Non-coding RNAs in prokaryotes can be manipulated to develop more effective antibacterial drugs for human or animal use.
RNA...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 18, 2026

Bacterial Delivery of RNAi Effectors: Transkingdom RNAi
07:56

Bacterial Delivery of RNAi Effectors: Transkingdom RNAi

Published on: August 18, 2010

Overcoming multidrug resistance by RNA interference.

Alexandra Stege1, Andrea Krühn, Hermann Lage

  • 1Charité Campus Mitte, Institute of Pathology, Berlin, Germany.

Methods in Molecular Biology (Clifton, N.J.)
|December 2, 2009
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

RNA interference (RNAi) offers a promising strategy to overcome multidrug resistance (MDR) in cancer by silencing the P-glycoprotein (Pgp) gene. This approach uses small interfering RNA (siRNA) or short hairpin RNA (shRNA) to inhibit Pgp, potentially reversing drug resistance.

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Last Updated: Jun 18, 2026

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Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Cancer Research
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • P-glycoprotein (Pgp), encoded by the MDR1 gene, is a key factor in cancer multidrug resistance (MDR).
  • Pgp functions as a membrane pump, extruding various chemotherapy drugs from cancer cells.
  • Previous attempts to reverse MDR using small molecule inhibitors have yielded disappointing clinical results.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate RNA interference (RNAi) as a novel strategy to overcome MDR by targeting Pgp.
  • To explore both transient and stable gene silencing methods for Pgp inhibition.

Main Methods:

  • Application of small interfering RNA (siRNA) for transient gene silencing.
  • Transfection with short hairpin RNA (shRNA) expression cassettes for stable gene silencing.
  • Quantitative real-time RT-PCR and Northern blot to assess MDR1 mRNA levels.
  • Western blot and immunohistochemistry to evaluate Pgp protein expression.
  • Drug accumulation assays (flow cytometry) and cell proliferation assays (colorimetry) to measure functional effects.

Main Results:

  • RNAi effectively reduces MDR1 mRNA and Pgp protein expression.
  • Inhibition of Pgp activity leads to increased drug accumulation within cancer cells.
  • Reversal of the drug-resistant phenotype is observed, indicated by decreased IC(50) values.

Conclusions:

  • RNAi technology, utilizing siRNA and shRNA, presents a viable strategy for targeting Pgp and overcoming MDR in cancer.
  • This approach offers a potential new avenue for cancer therapeutics to enhance chemotherapy efficacy.