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Updated: Jun 11, 2026

Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (tDCS) of Wernicke's and Broca's Areas in Studies of Language Learning and Word Acquisition
Published on: July 13, 2019
Letters, not words, are processed holistically
Kevin D Wilson1, James M Taylor
1Department of Psychology, 300 N. Washington Street, Gettysburg College, Gettysburg, PA 17325, USA. kwilson@gettysburg.edu
Abstract:
Observers cannot accurately discriminate the top halves of two sequentially presented three-letter words. One interpretation of this effect is that words, like faces, are processed holistically. Here we show, in three simple experiments, that this phenomenon is more consistent with the hypothesis that letters, not words, are processed holistically.
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