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Related Concept Videos

Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Instrumentation01:22

Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Instrumentation

The instrumentation of atomic emission spectrometry (AES) involves various components, including atomization devices that convert samples into gas-phase atoms and ions. There are two main types of atomization devices: continuous and discrete atomizers.  Continuous atomizers, like plasmas and flames, introduce samples in a constant stream, while discrete atomizers inject individual samples using syringes or autosamplers. The most common discrete atomizer is the electrothermal atomizer.
Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Instrumentation01:26

Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Instrumentation

Inductively coupled plasma (ICP) is the common plasma source used in atomic emission spectroscopy (AES), a technique that detects and analyzes various elements in a sample. This method is often called inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP-AES).
There are three main types of inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy  (ICP-AES) instruments: sequential, simultaneous multichannel, and Fourier transform instruments, with the latter being less commonly used.
Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Principle01:19

Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Principle

Inductively coupled plasma (ICP) is the most widely used plasma source in atomic emission spectroscopy (AES), also known as Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Emission Spectroscopy (ICP-OES). The ICP source, or torch, consists of three concentric quartz tubes with argon gas flowing through them. A spark from a Tesla coil initiates the ionization of argon, generating a high-temperature plasma.
The ions and electrons produced interact with the fluctuating magnetic field created by a water-cooled...
Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Lab01:29

Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Lab

AES is a powerful analytical technique, especially effective when used with plasma sources, producing abundant spectra in characteristic emission lines. The Inductively Coupled Plasma (ICP), in particular, yields superior quantitative analytical data due to its high stability, low noise, low background, and minimal interferences under optimal experimental conditions. However, newer air-operated microwave sources are emerging as promising alternatives that could be more cost-effective than...
Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Overview01:20

Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Overview

Atomic emission spectroscopy (AES) is an analytical technique used to determine the elemental composition of a sample by analyzing the light emitted from excited atoms. In AES, atoms in a sample are excited to higher energy levels by thermal energy from high-temperature sources, such as plasma, arcs, or sparks. When these excited atoms return to lower energy states, they emit light at specific wavelengths characteristic of each element. The resulting atomic emission spectrum, which consists of...
Inductively Coupled Plasma–Mass Spectrometry (ICP–MS): Overview01:19

Inductively Coupled Plasma–Mass Spectrometry (ICP–MS): Overview

In inductively coupled plasma–mass spectrometry (ICP–MS), an inductively coupled plasma (ICP) torch is used as an atomizer and ionizer. Solid samples are dissolved and volatilized before being introduced into the high-temperature argon plasma, while solution samples are nebulized and passed through the high-temperature argon plasma. Plasma dissociates the analytes and ionizes their component atoms to form a mixture of positive ions and molecular species. The positive ions are then passed on to...

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Non-equilibrium Microwave Plasma for Efficient High Temperature Chemistry
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[Peak-width quantitation for flow-injection microwave plasma torch-atomic emission spectrometry].

Yong-sheng Li1, Bo Zhao, Xu-hui Sun

  • 1School of Chemical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China. lysgxf2005@yahoo.com.cn

Guang Pu Xue Yu Guang Pu Fen Xi = Guang Pu
|December 3, 2009
PubMed
Summary

A new peak-width quantitation method for flow-injection microwave plasma torch atomic emission spectrometry (FI-MPT-AES) effectively reduces matrix interference and broadens the linear determination range, outperforming the traditional peak-height method.

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Last Updated: Jun 18, 2026

Non-equilibrium Microwave Plasma for Efficient High Temperature Chemistry
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How to Ignite an Atmospheric Pressure Microwave Plasma Torch without Any Additional Igniters
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Area of Science:

  • Analytical Chemistry
  • Spectroscopy

Context:

  • Flow-injection microwave plasma torch atomic emission spectrometry (FI-MPT-AES) is a powerful technique for elemental analysis.
  • Matrix interference can significantly affect the accuracy and sensitivity of FI-MPT-AES measurements.
  • Existing quantitation methods may struggle with complex sample matrices.

Purpose:

  • To propose and evaluate a novel peak-width quantitation method for FI-MPT-AES.
  • To assess the sensitivity and linearity of the peak-width quantitation method.
  • To compare the performance of peak-width quantitation with the conventional peak-height method in the presence of matrix interference.

Summary:

  • A peak-width quantitation method was developed for FI-MPT-AES, investigating its sensitivity and linearity under varying emission intensities.
  • The method was used to determine recoveries of Zn2+, Cu2+, and Ag+ in diverse matrices, demonstrating superior performance compared to the peak-height method.
  • Optimized conditions included a 350 mL sampling volume, 1.5 mL/min carrier flow rate, 110 W microwave power, and 1.4 L/min carrier gas / 0.4 L/min working gas (argon) flow rates.

Impact:

  • The peak-width quantitation method effectively mitigates matrix interference in FI-MPT-AES systems.
  • This new method expands the linear determination range of the analytical technique.
  • Peak-width quantitation achieved higher and more consistent recoveries (92%-107%) than the peak-height method (61.3%-122%).