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Related Concept Videos

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Pyloric Obstruction

Pyloric obstruction, also referred to as gastric outlet obstruction, is a condition characterized by narrowing or blockage at the pylorus—the muscular valve regulating the flow of stomach contents into the duodenum. When this passage becomes impaired, the stomach cannot effectively empty its contents into the small intestine. This disruption leads to a range of gastrointestinal symptoms, including early satiety, bloating, epigastric pain, postprandial nausea, persistent vomiting, and...
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Pulmonary Cycle: Exhalation

In terms of human respiration, the act of expelling air, known as exhalation (or expiration), operates on the principle of pressure gradients. During expiration, the pressure within the lungs exceeds that of the surrounding atmosphere. Under normal conditions, quiet breathing involves passive exhalation and is free of muscular contractions. This is because the exhalation process is driven by the natural elastic recoil of the lungs and chest wall, both of which have an inherent tendency to...
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Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation II: ACLS Airway Management

Airway management is a key skill in emergency and critical care settings, as maintaining a clear airway is essential for adequate oxygenation and ventilation.Head Tilt-Chin Lift TechniqueThe head tilt-chin lift maneuver is an essential technique primarily used in patients without suspected cervical spine injuries. To perform this maneuver, one hand is placed on the patient’s forehead, and gentle pressure is applied backward to tilt the head. The fingertips of the other hand are positioned under...
Atelectasis II: Pathophysiology01:10

Atelectasis II: Pathophysiology

Atelectasis develops when alveoli lose their air and collapse inward. Because lung tissue is naturally elastic, these air sacs shrink rather than remaining open. Collapsed alveoli are no longer ventilated, reducing their role in gas exchange. Blood flow may continue in these regions, creating a ventilation–perfusion mismatch. Clinical findings include decreased breath sounds, dullness to percussion, reduced chest expansion, and decreased tactile fremitus as sound transmission through collapsed...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 18, 2026

Minimally Invasive Murine Laryngoscopy for Close-Up Imaging of Laryngeal Motion During Breathing and Swallowing
07:45

Minimally Invasive Murine Laryngoscopy for Close-Up Imaging of Laryngeal Motion During Breathing and Swallowing

Published on: December 1, 2023

Dyspnea caused by epiglottic retroversion in two dogs.

James A Flanders1, Margret S Thompson

  • 1Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14850, USA. jaf7@cornell.edu

Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association
|December 3, 2009
PubMed
Summary

Excessive epiglottic mobility in dogs can cause breathing difficulties. Surgical fixation of the epiglottis horizontally resolved this dyspnea in two canine patients.

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Minimally Invasive Murine Laryngoscopy for Close-Up Imaging of Laryngeal Motion During Breathing and Swallowing
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Area of Science:

  • Veterinary Medicine
  • Canine Respiratory Surgery

Background:

  • Elongated soft palate resection is a common treatment for canine dyspnea.
  • Dyspnea can persist in some dogs even after soft palate surgery.

Observation:

  • Two dogs, a Boxer and a Yorkshire Terrier, presented with persistent dyspnea post-elongated soft palate resection.
  • Laryngoscopy revealed caudal epiglottic displacement into the rima glottidis.
  • Fluoroscopy showed excessive epiglottic mobility causing episodic glottic obstruction.

Findings:

  • Surgical fixation of the epiglottis in a horizontal plane was performed.
  • The procedure involved resecting oral mucosa at the epiglottic base and suturing the defect.
  • Successful epiglottic fixation resolved dyspnea in both dogs.

Implications:

  • Excessive epiglottic mobility is a potential cause of glottic obstruction and dyspnea in dogs.
  • Epiglottic fixation offers a viable surgical solution for resolving dyspnea associated with epiglottic retroversion.