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Arboviral Encephalitis01:25

Arboviral Encephalitis

Arboviral encephalitis refers to brain inflammation caused by arthropod-borne viruses, particularly those transmitted through mosquito vectors. Among these, West Nile virus (WNV), a member of the Flaviviridae family, is a significant public health concern. WNV is an enveloped, positive-sense, single-stranded RNA virus. Human infection typically begins when an infected mosquito introduces the virus into the dermis during feeding. The primary transmission cycle involves birds as amplifying hosts...
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A Multiplex Serological Assay for the Detection of Antibody Responses to Arboviruses
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A Multiplex Serological Assay for the Detection of Antibody Responses to Arboviruses

Published on: November 4, 2025

Transfusion-transmitted arboviruses.

L R Petersen1, M P Busch

  • 1Division of Vector-borne Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA. lxp2@cdc.gov

Vox Sanguinis
|December 3, 2009
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Arboviruses pose a significant transfusion risk due to asymptomatic viremia. Prevention strategies include donor screening and sensitive nucleic acid amplification tests to ensure blood safety.

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Arbovirus Infections As Screening Tools for the Identification of Viral Immunomodulators and Host Antiviral Factors
06:02

Arbovirus Infections As Screening Tools for the Identification of Viral Immunomodulators and Host Antiviral Factors

Published on: September 13, 2018

Area of Science:

  • Medical Entomology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Transfusion Medicine

Background:

  • Arboviruses can be transmitted through blood transfusions, posing a risk to public health.
  • Short, asymptomatic viremic phases in infected individuals complicate the detection of transfusion-transmitted arboviruses.
  • Vector-borne transmission is often difficult to distinguish from transfusion transmission in arboviral disease cases.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the risk of transfusion transmission of arboviruses.
  • To highlight the threat posed by arboviruses to blood transfusion safety.
  • To review current and potential prevention strategies.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on arbovirus transfusion transmission.
  • Analysis of arbovirus transfusion risk models.
  • Assessment of viremia prevalence in blood donations during outbreaks.

Main Results:

  • While West Nile virus is one of the few proven transfusion-transmitted arboviruses, models suggest significant transmission of dengue and Chikungunya viruses in epidemic regions.
  • Numerous other arboviruses represent importation risks and threaten transfusion safety globally.
  • High incidence of arboviral infections and asymptomatic viremia contribute to transfusion transmission risk.

Conclusions:

  • Preventing transfusion-transmitted arboviruses requires excluding donors from outbreak areas or using sensitive nucleic acid amplification tests.
  • The increasing global emergence of arboviral diseases necessitates preparedness for both endemic and exotic threats.
  • Proactive measures are crucial to safeguard the blood supply against arboviruses capable of causing large epidemics.