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Related Concept Videos

EPS and iPS Cells in Disease Research01:21

EPS and iPS Cells in Disease Research

Embryonic and induced pluripotent stem cells are excellent models for disease research because of their ability to self-renew and differentiate into most cell types. Somatic cells from a patient are isolated and reprogrammed into induced pluripotent stem cells or iPSCs. These iPSCs are later differentiated into the desired cell type, which mirrors the diseased cell of the patient. In this way, disease models have been created for investigating diseases such as Down syndrome, type I diabetes,...
Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells01:06

Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells

Stem cells are undifferentiated cells that divide and produce different cell types. Ordinarily, cells that have differentiated into a specific cell type are terminally differentiated; however, scientists have found a way to reprogram these mature cells so that they dedifferentiate and return to an unspecialized, proliferative state. These cells are pluripotent like embryonic stem cells—able to produce all cell types—and are called induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs).
Somatic cells are...
Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells01:13

Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells

Stem cells are undifferentiated cells that divide and produce different types of cells. Ordinarily, cells that have differentiated into a specific cell type are post-mitotic—that is, they no longer divide. However, scientists have found a way to reprogram these mature cells so that they “de-differentiate” and return to an unspecialized, proliferative state. These cells are also pluripotent like embryonic stem cells—able to produce all cell types—and are therefore called induced pluripotent stem...
iPS Cell Differentiation01:22

iPS Cell Differentiation

The ability of induced pluripotent stem cells or iPSCs to differentiate into most body cell types has stimulated repair and regenerative medicine research over the past few decades. iPSC-derived blood cells, hepatocytes, beta islet cells, cardiomyocytes, neurons, and other cell types can repair injuries or regenerate damaged tissue in diseases such as diabetes and neurodegenerative disorders.
Stem Cell Culture01:17

Stem Cell Culture

Stem cell research aims to find ways to use stem cells to regenerate and repair cellular damage. Over time, most adult cells undergo the wear and tear of aging and lose their ability to divide and repair themselves. Stem cells do not display a particular morphology or function. Adult stem cells, which exist as a small subset of cells in most tissues, keep dividing and can differentiate into a number of specialized cells generally formed by that tissue. These cells enable the body to renew and...

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Using Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell-derived Hepatocyte-like Cells for Drug Discovery
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Published on: May 19, 2018

Technical challenges in using human induced pluripotent stem cells to model disease.

Krishanu Saha1, Rudolf Jaenisch

  • 1The Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA.

Cell Stem Cell
|December 3, 2009
PubMed
Summary

Creating disease models from patient-derived induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) faces challenges in disease onset, progression, and localization. Advanced tools in genetic modification and biomaterials offer solutions for accurate disease modeling.

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Published on: June 10, 2021

Area of Science:

  • Stem cell biology
  • Genetics
  • Disease modeling

Background:

  • Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) are generated from somatic cells like skin or blood.
  • Disease-specific iPSCs are created from patient somatic cells for disease modeling.
  • Current disease models face challenges in recapitulating disease kinetics and spatial localization.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To examine the challenges and assumptions in creating disease models from single patient cells.
  • To identify potential solutions for improving disease modeling using iPSCs.

Main Methods:

  • Reprogramming of human somatic cells to generate iPSCs.
  • Utilizing genetic modification tools.
  • Employing biomaterials and advanced animal models.

Main Results:

  • The study highlights challenges in modeling disease onset, progression, and spatial localization using single-cell derived iPSCs.
  • It identifies emerging technologies that can address these modeling limitations.

Conclusions:

  • Accurate disease modeling requires addressing the complexities of disease kinetics and spatial distribution.
  • Advancements in genetic engineering, reprogramming techniques, biomaterials, and animal models are crucial for overcoming current limitations in patient-specific iPSC disease modeling.