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Related Concept Videos

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease III: Chronic Bronchitis Features01:24

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease III: Chronic Bronchitis Features

Chronic bronchitis is a key phenotype of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), characterized by airway-centered inflammation and mucus overproduction. It develops from long-term exposure to harmful particles or gases, most commonly cigarette smoke, which triggers a persistent inflammatory response.Cellular and Structural ChangesInflammation initially affects the large bronchi and later the smaller airways, with infiltration by immune cells, including neutrophils, macrophages, and...
The Bronchial Tree01:23

The Bronchial Tree

The human bronchi and bronchial tree play a crucial role in the respiratory system, facilitating the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide. Let's delve into the intricate structure and functions of these respiratory components.
The trachea, commonly known as the windpipe, is a tube that connects the larynx (voice box) to the bronchi. At a point called the carina, it bifurcates into two primary bronchi. The right primary bronchus is wider, shorter, and more vertical than the left primary...
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease IV: Clinical Manifestations01:19

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease IV: Clinical Manifestations

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease, or COPD, is a long-term condition marked by persistent and only partially reversible airflow limitation. It involves two overlapping conditions—chronic bronchitis and emphysema—which often co-appear but differ in dominant symptoms and underlying mechanisms.Chronic Bronchitis FeaturesChronic bronchitis presents with a persistent productive cough and thick, sometimes purulent mucus due to airway inflammation, enlarged mucus glands, and goblet cell...
COPD: Pathogenesis and Clinical Features01:20

COPD: Pathogenesis and Clinical Features

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a group of lung conditions that progressively worsen over time, including chronic bronchitis and emphysema. This cluster of diseases collectively leads to a gradual and irreversible decline in lung function over time.
The primary cause for the onset of COPD is cigarette smoking and exposure to air pollution. These hazardous factors initiate a chain reaction within the lungs, resulting in chronic inflammation, damage to the airways, and a...
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease-IV: Assessement and Diagnostic Studies01:27

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease-IV: Assessement and Diagnostic Studies

Assessing and diagnosing Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) involves a detailed approach that includes a comprehensive review of medical history, physical examination, and a variety of diagnostic tests. This thorough evaluation is essential to ensure an accurate diagnosis and guide effective management strategies.
Medical History
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease II: Emphysema01:23

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease II: Emphysema

Emphysema, a major phenotype of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), is characterized by irreversible destruction of alveolar walls and permanent enlargement of distal airspaces. Unlike chronic bronchitis, which primarily affects the airways, emphysema predominantly involves the lung parenchyma, where structural damage leads to airflow limitation.PathophysiologyIt most commonly results from prolonged exposure to cigarette smoke and other toxic gases, particularly cigarette smoke.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 18, 2026

Imaging Features of Systemic Sclerosis-Associated Interstitial Lung Disease
04:44

Imaging Features of Systemic Sclerosis-Associated Interstitial Lung Disease

Published on: June 16, 2020

[Bronchial diseases: CT imaging features].

P-A Grenier1, C Beigelman-Aubry, P-Y Brillet

  • 1Service de Radiologie Générale, Hôpital de la Pitié-Salpêtrière, 83 boulevard de l'Hôpital, 75651 Paris cedex 13, France. philippe.grenier@psl.aphp.fr

Journal De Radiologie
|December 3, 2009
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Multidetector row computed tomography (MDCT) is the gold standard for diagnosing bronchiectasis. MDCT also identifies other bronchial abnormalities like stenosis, tumors, and wall thickening, aiding endoscopic procedures.

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Last Updated: Jun 18, 2026

Imaging Features of Systemic Sclerosis-Associated Interstitial Lung Disease
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Multi-modal Pulmonary Imaging: Using Complementary Information from CT and Hyperpolarized 129Xe MRI to Evaluate Lung Structure-Function
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Multi-modal Pulmonary Imaging: Using Complementary Information from CT and Hyperpolarized 129Xe MRI to Evaluate Lung Structure-Function

Published on: April 12, 2024

Area of Science:

  • Pulmonary Medicine
  • Radiology
  • Medical Imaging

Background:

  • Multidetector row computed tomography (MDCT) is the established imaging standard for diagnosing bronchiectasis.
  • MDCT plays a crucial role in visualizing the bronchial tree's morphology and extent of disease.

Observation:

  • MDCT can detect focal stenosis, tumors, and various morphologic abnormalities within the bronchial tree.
  • Key CT findings for bronchiectasis include increased bronchoarterial ratio, absent bronchial tapering, and visible peripheral airways.

Findings:

  • The study details CT findings for bronchial abnormalities, encompassing division/origin anomalies, stenosis, wall thickening, lumen dilatation, and mucoid impaction.
  • Additional observed abnormalities include excessive bronchial collapse, outpouchings, diverticula, dehiscence, fistulas, and calcifications.

Implications:

  • MDCT findings guide endoscopists to abnormal bronchi and assess the overall extent of bronchial lesions.
  • Accurate MDCT assessment is vital for effective diagnosis and management planning of bronchiectasis and related bronchial pathologies.