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Related Concept Videos

UV–Vis Spectroscopy: Molecular Electronic Transitions01:16

UV–Vis Spectroscopy: Molecular Electronic Transitions

In Ultraviolet–Visible (UV–Vis) spectroscopy, the absorption of electromagnetic radiation is used to probe the electronic structure of molecules. This technique provides insights into molecular electronic transitions, particularly the movement of electrons between different molecular orbitals. Radiation is absorbed if the energy of the electromagnetic radiation passing through the molecule is precisely equal to the energy difference between the excited and ground states. During this process,...
Ultraviolet and Visible (UV–Vis) Spectroscopy: Overview01:02

Ultraviolet and Visible (UV–Vis) Spectroscopy: Overview

Ultraviolet–visible (UV–visible or UV–Vis) spectroscopy is an analytical technique that investigates the interaction between matter and UV–Vis light within the electromagnetic spectrum. This method is widely used for its versatility, simplicity, and relatively quick data acquisition, making it valuable for both qualitative and quantitative analysis. When UV–Vis radiation passes through a material,  molecules absorb light depending on the energy required for electronic transitions. As a result...
UV–Vis Spectroscopy of Conjugated Systems01:32

UV–Vis Spectroscopy of Conjugated Systems

Organic compounds with conjugated double bonds show strong absorption features in the UV–visible region of the electromagnetic spectrum attributed to π → π* electronic excitations. Generally, a UV–vis absorption spectrum is recorded as a plot of absorbance vs wavelength. The wavelength of maximum absorbance, which manifests as a peak in the absorption spectrum, is denoted as λmax.
One of the factors influencing λmax is the extent of conjugation in the...
UV–Vis Spectrometers01:14

UV–Vis Spectrometers

The absorbance of UV and visible (UV–visible) radiations is measured using a UV–visible spectrophotometer. Deuterium lamps, which emit UV radiation, and tungsten lamps, which produce radiation in the visible region, are used as light sources in UV–visible spectrophotometers. A monochromator or prism is used for diffraction grating, i.e., to split the incoming radiation into different wavelengths. A system of slits is used to focus the desired wavelength on the sample cell. Samples for...
UV–Vis Spectroscopy: Woodward–Fieser Rules01:29

UV–Vis Spectroscopy: Woodward–Fieser Rules

UV–Visible absorption spectra of conjugated dienes arise from the lowest energy π → π* transitions. The light-absorbing part of the molecule is called the chromophore, and the substituents directly attached to the chromophore are called auxochromes. A strong correlation exists between the absorption maxima, λmax, and the structure of a conjugated π system. The Woodward–Fieser rules predict the value of λmax for a given structure by adding the contributions...
2D NMR: Homonuclear Correlation Spectroscopy (COSY)01:06

2D NMR: Homonuclear Correlation Spectroscopy (COSY)

Homonuclear correlation spectroscopy, or COSY, is a 2-dimensional NMR technique that provides information about coupled protons. Typically, the geminal and vicinal coupling are observed. For example, consider the COSY spectrum of ethyl acetate, where its 1D proton NMR spectrum is plotted along the vertical and horizontal axes with their corresponding chemical shift scale. Three spots on the diagonal corresponding to the three peaks in the 1D proton spectrum are called diagonal peaks. The COSY...

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A Multimodal Imaging Framework to Advance Phenotyping of Living Label-free Breast Cancer Cells
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A Multimodal Imaging Framework to Advance Phenotyping of Living Label-free Breast Cancer Cells

Published on: August 22, 2025

Multivariate statistical mapping of spectroscopic imaging data.

Karl Young1, Varan Govind, Khema Sharma

  • 1Center for Imaging of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, San Francisco, California 94121, USA. karl.young@ucsf.edu

Magnetic Resonance in Medicine
|December 3, 2009
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study introduces multivariate voxel-based statistical mapping for brain magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging. It enhances statistical power and identifies altered brain metabolism patterns more effectively than traditional methods.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroimaging
  • Biostatistics
  • Metabolomics

Background:

  • Magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging (MRSI) is crucial for brain metabolite distribution analysis.
  • Current methods often require pre-defined regions of interest, limiting unbiased assessment.
  • The multidimensional data from MRSI offers potential for increased statistical power.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and validate multivariate voxel-based statistical mapping for brain MRSI.
  • To demonstrate the superior statistical power of multivariate tests over univariate tests in detecting metabolic alterations.
  • To apply these methods to simulated data and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) patient data.

Main Methods:

  • Development of a novel multivariate voxel-based statistical mapping technique for MRSI data.
  • Comparison of multivariate and univariate statistical tests.
  • Validation using simulated datasets with known regional patterns.
  • Application to analyze metabolite alterations in patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.

Main Results:

  • Successful development and validation of multivariate voxel-based statistical mapping for MRSI.
  • Multivariate tests demonstrated greater statistical power in identifying simulated regional patterns.
  • Distinct patterns of altered brain metabolism were identified in ALS patients using the multivariate approach.

Conclusions:

  • Multivariate voxel-based statistical mapping is a powerful tool for unbiased analysis of brain MRSI data.
  • This approach enhances the ability to detect subtle alterations in brain metabolism.
  • The findings have implications for understanding and diagnosing neurological diseases like ALS.