Sequential evaluation of swallowing function in patients with unilateral neck dissection

Area of Science:

• Otolaryngology
• Oncology
• Speech and Language Pathology

Background:

• Neck dissection is a primary treatment for head and neck cancer with cervical lymph node metastasis.
• The impact of neck dissection on swallowing function (dysphagia) remains incompletely understood.
• This study aimed to investigate swallowing function following neck dissection.

Purpose of the Study:

• To assess the effects of neck dissection on swallowing function.
• To identify specific changes in swallowing mechanics post-surgery.
• To determine the clinical significance of observed swallowing alterations.

Main Methods:

• Videofluoroscopic and videoendoscopic evaluations were employed.
• Swallowing function was assessed in 17 patients.
• Evaluations were conducted preoperatively, 1 month postoperatively, and 4 months postoperatively.

Main Results:

• Neck dissection led to forward and downward hyoid bone displacement.
• A reduced range of hyoid bone motion during swallowing was observed.
• Increased laryngeal penetration was noted post-surgery.
• No pharyngeal residue or aspiration events were recorded in any patient.

Conclusions:

• Neck dissection alters swallowing function.
• Despite functional changes, severe clinical swallowing problems are improbable.
• Patients are unlikely to experience significant aspiration or residue post-neck dissection.