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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 18, 2026

Measuring Attention and Visual Processing Speed by Model-based Analysis of Temporal-order Judgments
13:00

Measuring Attention and Visual Processing Speed by Model-based Analysis of Temporal-order Judgments

Published on: January 23, 2017

Attention and biased competition in multi-voxel object representations.

Leila Reddy1, Nancy G Kanwisher, Rufin VanRullen

  • 1Université de Toulouse, Université Paul Sabatier, Centre de Recherche Cerveau et Cognition, 31062 Toulouse, France.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
|December 4, 2009
PubMed
Summary

Attention biases brain activity towards attended stimuli, acting like a weighted average in large-scale brain patterns. This research extends the biased-competition theory to multivoxel functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) responses.

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 18, 2026

Measuring Attention and Visual Processing Speed by Model-based Analysis of Temporal-order Judgments
13:00

Measuring Attention and Visual Processing Speed by Model-based Analysis of Temporal-order Judgments

Published on: January 23, 2017

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cognitive Science
  • Psychology

Background:

  • The biased-competition theory explains attention at the single-neuron level, predicting weighted neuronal responses biased by attention.
  • Perception involves neuronal populations, reflected in large-scale multivoxel fMRI patterns, which exhibit nonlinearities.
  • Bridging neuronal and perceptual levels requires understanding attention's influence on large-scale multivariate representations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate how responses to simultaneous stimuli are combined in multivoxel fMRI patterns.
  • To determine how attention influences these combined responses in large-scale brain activity.
  • To extend the biased-competition framework to multivoxel fMRI representations.

Main Methods:

  • Objects from four categories were presented singly or in pairs.
  • Participants either attended to one category, ignored it, or divided attention.
  • Multivoxel fMRI patterns were analyzed in a multidimensional voxel space.

Main Results:

  • The response to simultaneously presented categories was a weighted average in multivoxel space.
  • Attention biased these weights, favoring the attended stimulus by approximately 30%.
  • This effect was observed in category-selective brain regions.

Conclusions:

  • The biased-competition framework successfully extends to large-scale multivoxel brain activations.
  • Attention modulates the combination of simultaneously presented stimuli at the fMRI level.
  • Findings link single-neuron attentional mechanisms to observable brain activity patterns relevant for perception.