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Related Experiment Videos

Absorption and hypnotizability: context effects reexamined.

R Nadon1, I P Hoyt, P A Register

  • 1Department of Psychology, Brock University, St. Catharines, Ontario, Canada.

Journal of Personality and Social Psychology
|January 1, 1991
PubMed
Summary
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This study investigated the relationship between absorption and hypnotizability. Findings confirm absorption is a key personality trait and a reliable predictor of hypnotic responsiveness, refuting prior context-based artifact theories.

Area of Science:

  • Psychology
  • Personality Psychology
  • Hypnosis Research

Background:

  • Previous research suggested correlations between absorption and hypnosis measures might be artifacts of testing context or moderated by gender.
  • Council, Kirsch, and Hafner (1986) and de Groot, Gwynn, and Spanos (1988) proposed alternative explanations for observed relationships.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To independently test the claims that context or gender moderates the relationship between absorption and hypnotizability.
  • To reaffirm the construct validity of absorption as a personality dimension and predictor of hypnotic responsiveness.

Main Methods:

  • Two independent studies were conducted with large participant samples (N=475 and N=434).
  • Participants completed Tellegen's Absorption Scale (TAS) and other personality questionnaires on two separate occasions: during an independent survey and immediately before a hypnotizability assessment.

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Main Results:

  • Experiment 1 showed weak and variable effects of testing context on the TAS-hypnotizability relationship.
  • Experiment 2 demonstrated reversed weak contextual effects, failing to support previous artifact theories.
  • The results consistently supported the direct relationship between absorption and hypnotic responsiveness.

Conclusions:

  • The construct validity of absorption as a stable personality trait is reaffirmed.
  • Absorption remains a significant predictor of hypnotic responsiveness, independent of testing context effects.
  • Previous theories attributing the absorption-hypnosis link to contextual artifacts or gender moderation were not supported.