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Related Concept Videos

Portal Hypertension01:22

Portal Hypertension

Portal hypertension is an increase in blood pressure within the portal venous system. Normally, this pressure is less than 5 mmHg. It is considered clinically significant when it rises above 10 mmHg. At this threshold, complications from altered blood flow and venous congestion emerge.EtiologyPortal hypertension arises from conditions that impede blood flow through the liver. The most common cause is cirrhosis, in which chronic liver injury leads to fibrotic scarring. This fibrosis narrows or...
Pulmonary Hypertension: Classification and Pathogenesis01:30

Pulmonary Hypertension: Classification and Pathogenesis

Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a severe health condition in which the mean pulmonary arterial pressure increases to 25 mmHg or more, even when the body is at rest. This high pressure in the blood vessels that transport blood from the heart to the lungs can cause various symptoms, including shortness of breath, can lead to right heart failure, and significantly affect the overall quality of life.
There are various classifications for PH, each relating to different underlying causes and also...
Amebiasis01:28

Amebiasis

Entamoeba histolytica, a protozoan parasite, is responsible for intestinal and extraintestinal amebiasis. Though a significant proportion of infections remain asymptomatic, approximately 50 million individuals annually are estimated to present with clinical disease, resulting in up to 100,000 deaths globally. The disease burden is disproportionately high in regions with lower socioeconomic status, such as parts of India, Africa, Mexico, and Latin America.Etiology and TransmissionThe infective...
American Trypanosomiasis01:22

American Trypanosomiasis

Chagas disease, or American trypanosomiasis, is a vector-borne parasitic infection caused by Trypanosoma cruzi, a flagellated protozoan (kinetoplastid) of the family Trypanosomatidae. The disease is endemic in Latin America, although cases are increasingly reported worldwide due to human migration. Transmission most commonly occurs when feces of infected triatomine bugs contaminate bite wounds or mucosal surfaces; additional routes include congenital, transfusional, transplant-related, and oral...
Giardiasis01:12

Giardiasis

Giardiasis is a globally prevalent intestinal infection caused by the protozoan parasite Giardia duodenalis (also known as G. lamblia or G. intestinalis). This flagellated protozoan is the most frequently identified intestinal parasite in the United States and worldwide. Transmission primarily occurs via the fecal-oral route, with infection arising from ingestion of water or food contaminated with cysts. Individuals in low-resource settings, international travelers, outdoor enthusiasts, daycare...
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease III: Chronic Bronchitis Features01:24

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease III: Chronic Bronchitis Features

Chronic bronchitis is a key phenotype of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), characterized by airway-centered inflammation and mucus overproduction. It develops from long-term exposure to harmful particles or gases, most commonly cigarette smoke, which triggers a persistent inflammatory response.Cellular and Structural ChangesInflammation initially affects the large bronchi and later the smaller airways, with infiltration by immune cells, including neutrophils, macrophages, and...

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Right Ventricular Systolic Pressure Measurements in Combination with Harvest of Lung and Immune Tissue Samples in Mice
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Schistosomiasis associated pulmonary hypertension.

A Hovnanian1, S Hoette, C J C Fernandes

  • 1Pulmonary Department, Heart Institute, University of São Paulo Medical School, Sao Paulo, Brazil.

International Journal of Clinical Practice. Supplement
|December 5, 2009
PubMed
Summary

Schistosomiasis, a widespread infectious disease, can lead to severe complications like pulmonary hypertension. Early diagnosis and further research into schistosomiasis-associated pulmonary arterial hypertension are crucial for patient management.

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Area of Science:

  • Tropical medicine
  • Cardiology
  • Infectious diseases

Background:

  • Schistosomiasis is a prevalent tropical disease affecting over 200 million people globally.
  • Hepatosplenic schistosomiasis, a chronic form, is linked to periportal fibrosis and portal hypertension.
  • Pulmonary hypertension is a recognized complication, with recent studies highlighting its prevalence in schistosomiasis patients.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To underscore the significance of invasive hemodynamic measurements in diagnosing pulmonary hypertension in schistosomiasis patients.
  • To emphasize that schistosomiasis-associated pulmonary arterial hypertension (Sch-PAH) might be the most common form of PAH.
  • To highlight the need for further research into the pathophysiology and management of Sch-PAH.

Main Methods:

  • Review of recent prevalent studies on schistosomiasis and pulmonary hypertension.
  • Analysis of invasive hemodynamic measurements for diagnosing pulmonary hypertension.
  • Discussion of clinical implications for managing Sch-PAH.

Main Results:

  • Schistosomiasis patients frequently develop precapillary and postcapillary pulmonary hypertension.
  • Schistosomiasis-associated pulmonary arterial hypertension (Sch-PAH) may be the most prevalent form of PAH.
  • Despite control programs, Sch-PAH will persist, necessitating ongoing research.

Conclusions:

  • Accurate diagnosis of pulmonary hypertension in schistosomiasis requires invasive hemodynamic assessment.
  • Sch-PAH represents a significant public health challenge, even after schistosomiasis control.
  • Comprehensive studies are needed to elucidate the mechanisms and optimize management of Sch-PAH.