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Inheritance of Chromatin Structures03:17

Inheritance of Chromatin Structures

Epigenetics is the study of inherited changes in a cell's phenotype without changing the DNA sequences. It provides a form of memory for the differential gene expression pattern to maintain cell lineage, position-effect variegation, dosage compensation, and maintenance of chromatin structures such as telomeres and centromeres. For example, the structure and location of the centromere on chromosomes are epigenetically inherited. Its functionality is not dictated or ensured by the underlying DNA...
Nucleosome Remodeling02:54

Nucleosome Remodeling

Nucleosomes are the basic units of chromatin compaction. Each nucleosome consists of the DNA bound tightly around a histone core, which makes the DNA inaccessible to DNA binding proteins such as DNA polymerase and RNA polymerase. Hence, the fundamental problem is to ensure access to DNA when appropriate, despite the compact and protective chromatin structure.
Nucleosome remodeling complex
Eukaryotic cells have specialized enzymes called ATP-dependent nucleosome remodeling enzymes. These enzymes...
Epigenetic Regulation01:46

Epigenetic Regulation

Epigenetic mechanisms play an essential role in healthy development. Conversely, precisely regulated epigenetic mechanisms are disrupted in diseases like cancer.
Epigenetic Regulation01:37

Epigenetic Regulation

Epigenetic changes alter the physical structure of the DNA without changing the genetic sequence and often regulate whether genes are turned on or off. This regulation ensures that each cell produces only proteins necessary for its function. For example, proteins that promote bone growth are not produced in muscle cells. Epigenetic mechanisms play an essential role in healthy development. Conversely, precisely regulated epigenetic mechanisms are disrupted in diseases like cancer.
X-chromosome...
Epigenetic Regulation01:46

Epigenetic Regulation

Epigenetic mechanisms play an essential role in healthy development. Conversely, precisely regulated epigenetic mechanisms are disrupted in diseases like cancer.
Histone Modification02:32

Histone Modification

The histone proteins have a flexible N-terminal tail extending out from the nucleosome. These histone tails are often subjected to post-translational modifications such as acetylation, methylation, phosphorylation, and ubiquitination. Particular combinations of these modifications form “histone codes” that influence the chromatin folding and tissue-specific gene expression.
Acetylation
The enzyme histone acetyltransferase adds acetyl group to the histones. Another enzyme, histone deacetylase,...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 18, 2026

Detection of Post-translational Modifications on Native Intact Nucleosomes by ELISA
07:13

Detection of Post-translational Modifications on Native Intact Nucleosomes by ELISA

Published on: April 26, 2011

Characterizing nucleosome dynamics from genomic and epigenetic information using rule induction learning.

Ngoc Tu Le1, Tu Bao Ho, Dang Hung Tran

  • 1School of Knowledge Science, Japan Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, 1-1 Asahidai, Nomi, Ishikawa 923-1292, Japan. ngoctule@jaist.ac.jp

BMC Genomics
|December 5, 2009
PubMed
Summary

Nucleosome dynamics are regulated by DNA motifs and histone modifications. This study reveals how these factors influence chromatin structure and gene regulation, offering insights into DNA-related processes.

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Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 18, 2026

Detection of Post-translational Modifications on Native Intact Nucleosomes by ELISA
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Published on: April 26, 2011

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Published on: January 31, 2019

A Multilabel Single Molecule Localization Microscopy Protocol for Investigation of Chromatin in the Dense Nuclear Environment
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Published on: June 5, 2026

Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Genomics
  • Computational Biology

Background:

  • Eukaryotic genomes are organized into chromatin, with nucleosomes as fundamental units.
  • Nucleosome mobility is crucial for DNA accessibility and regulation of gene expression.
  • Mechanisms underlying nucleosome stability regulation by DNA sequences and histone modifications remain unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a computational method for characterizing nucleosome dynamics.
  • To investigate the roles of genomic information and histone modifications in nucleosome stability.
  • To uncover new patterns in nucleosome regulation.

Main Methods:

  • Developed a novel computational method using rule induction learning.
  • Integrated genomic and histone modification data for analysis.
  • Applied the method to S. cerevisiae chromosome III and promoter regions.

Main Results:

  • Generated 98 rules characterizing nucleosome dynamics.
  • Identified specific DNA motifs and histone modifications regulating nucleosome stability.
  • Discovered that DNA motifs determine nucleosome formation/inhibition potential.
  • Found histone modifications correlate with transcriptional activity (activation/repression).
  • Observed potential cooperation between DNA motifs and histone modifications.

Conclusions:

  • DNA motifs and histone modifications individually regulate nucleosome stability.
  • Cooperative regulation between DNA motifs and histone modifications was observed.
  • Findings provide insights into cellular control of transcription, replication, and DNA repair.