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Updated: Jun 18, 2026

05:26
Examination of Oral Candida Infection in Primary Sjögren's Syndrome Patients
Published on: March 1, 2024
Laryngeal candidiasis in the outpatient setting
Kevin K Wong1, Pia Pace-Asciak, Bella Wu
1Division of Otolaryngology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia.
Summary
Laryngeal candidiasis, often caused by inhaled steroids, is effectively treated with oral antifungal medications. This study reviewed 54 cases, finding dysphonia as the most common symptom.
Area of Science:
- Otolaryngology
- Mycology
Background:
- Laryngeal candidiasis is a fungal infection affecting the voice box.
- Inhaled corticosteroids are a common risk factor.
Purpose of the Study:
- To present the largest case series on laryngeal candidiasis.
- To review the diagnosis and management of this condition.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective chart review of 54 patients from 1995-2005.
- Analysis of presenting symptoms, risk factors, and treatment outcomes.
Main Results:
- Dysphonia was the most frequent symptom (69%).
- Inhaled steroid inhalers were used by 89% of patients.
- Oral antifungal treatment was successful in 96% of cases.
Conclusions:
- Inhaled steroids are the primary identified risk factor.
- Laryngeal candidiasis is effectively managed with oral antifungal therapy.
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Chronic pharyngitis refers to persistent inflammation of the pharyngial mucosa.
Etiology
It often arises from persistent viral or bacterial infections affecting sinuses and tonsils.
Additional contributing factors include inadequate dental hygiene, mouth breathing, recurring tonsillitis, allergic rhinitis, laryngopharyngeal reflux, and exposure to smoke, chemicals, and other environmental pollutants. Allergic reactions to pollen, mold, and pet dander, chronic cough, excessive voice usage,...
Etiology
It often arises from persistent viral or bacterial infections affecting sinuses and tonsils.
Additional contributing factors include inadequate dental hygiene, mouth breathing, recurring tonsillitis, allergic rhinitis, laryngopharyngeal reflux, and exposure to smoke, chemicals, and other environmental pollutants. Allergic reactions to pollen, mold, and pet dander, chronic cough, excessive voice usage,...
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Acute pharyngitis is the inflammation of the back of the throat (pharynx), commonly resulting in a sore throat. It is a frequently encountered condition that prompts individuals to seek medical advice.
Classification
Acute pharyngitis can be categorized based on its underlying cause:
Acute pharyngitis is the inflammation of the back of the throat (pharynx), commonly resulting in a sore throat. It is a frequently encountered condition that prompts individuals to seek medical advice.
Classification
Acute pharyngitis can be categorized based on its underlying cause:

