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Psychotic disorders and repeat offending: systematic review and meta-analysis
1Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Warneford Hospital, Oxford, UK. seena.fazel@psych.ox.ac.uk
Schizophrenia Bulletin
|December 5, 2009
Summary
Individuals with psychosis show an increased risk of repeat offending compared to the general population. However, this risk is not significantly different when compared to those with other psychiatric disorders.
Area of Science:
- Forensic Psychiatry
- Psychopathology
- Criminology
Background:
- Recidivism risk in individuals with psychosis is a significant concern in forensic and clinical settings.
- Previous reviews have suggested a potentially lower risk of repeat offending in this population, necessitating further investigation.
Purpose of the Study:
- To systematically review and meta-analyze the risk of repeat offending among individuals diagnosed with psychosis.
- To evaluate how factors like age, location, and diagnostic criteria influence these risk estimates.
Main Methods:
- A comprehensive systematic search of 6 bibliographic databases was performed.
- Data from 27 studies (3511 individuals with psychosis) were analyzed using fixed- and random-effects models.
- Subgroup and meta-regression analyses explored moderating characteristics.
Main Results:
- A significantly increased risk of repeat offending was observed in individuals with psychosis compared to healthy controls (OR=1.6, CI=1.4-1.8).
- No significant association was found when comparing individuals with psychosis to those with other psychiatric disorders (OR=1.0, CI=0.7-1.3).
- Higher risk estimates were noted in female-only samples and studies conducted in the United States.
Conclusions:
- The association between psychosis and repeat offending is dependent on the comparison group used.
- This meta-analysis does not support previous findings suggesting a lower risk of repeat offending in individuals with psychosis.
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