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Related Concept Videos

Inflammatory Bowel Disease III: Crohn's Disease01:25

Inflammatory Bowel Disease III: Crohn's Disease

Crohn’s disease is a chronic, relapsing form of inflammatory bowel disease characterized by segmental, transmural inflammation that can affect any part of the gastrointestinal tract. Its pathogenesis arises from a combination of genetic susceptibility, environmental exposures, epithelial barrier dysfunction, and immune dysregulation. Together, these factors lead to an exaggerated immune response against components of the gut microbiome.Genetic and Environmental InfluencesMultiple genetic...
Inflammatory Bowel Disease I: Introduction01:26

Inflammatory Bowel Disease I: Introduction

Inflammatory bowel disease is a group of chronic disorders marked by recurrent inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract due to an abnormal immune response against gut microflora. This leads to tissue damage. The two main forms are Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis.Crohn’s DiseaseCrohn’s disease is a relapsing inflammatory disorder that can affect any part of the GI tract, from the mouth to the anus. It involves all layers of the bowel wall (transmural) and shows “skip lesions” in which...
Inflammatory Bowel Disease IV: Clinical Manifestations01:20

Inflammatory Bowel Disease IV: Clinical Manifestations

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) encompasses two major chronic disorders—ulcerative colitis and Crohn’s disease—each characterized by relapsing episodes of gastrointestinal inflammation. Although they share certain clinical features, their patterns of involvement and manifestations differ in ways that aid diagnosis and guide management.Ulcerative ColitisUlcerative colitis is limited to the colon and rectum and involves continuous inflammation of the mucosal layer. The disease course is marked...
Inflammatory Bowel Disease I: Ulcerative Colitis01:27

Inflammatory Bowel Disease I: Ulcerative Colitis

Introduction
Inflammatory bowel disease, or IBD, encompasses a group of disorders characterized by chronic inflammation or ulceration of the gastrointestinal tract.
Risk Factors
The exact cause of IBD remains unclear, although it is believed to be due to a mix of genetic, environmental, microbial, and immune factors. Genetic factors are significant in determining susceptibility to IBD, with family history being a critical risk factor. Individuals with a first-degree relative who has IBD are at...
Irritable Bowel Syndrome I: Introduction01:17

Irritable Bowel Syndrome I: Introduction

Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) is characterized by functional disturbances in the gastrointestinal system, presenting a cluster of symptoms without evident structural or biochemical abnormalities. It primarily affects the large intestine and may cause abdominal pain, bloating, excessive gas, diarrhea, constipation, or both.
IBS is a chronic condition that can persist over a long period or recur frequently.
The pathogenesis of IBS involves a complex interplay of the following factors:
Altered...
Chronic Bowel Disorders: Introduction01:17

Chronic Bowel Disorders: Introduction

Chronic bowel diseases are a group of long-term conditions affecting the digestive tract, characterized by inflammation and damage to the gut lining. These conditions primarily include irritable bowel syndrome and inflammatory bowel disease.
Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) is a common disorder affecting the gastrointestinal tract. The distinctive feature is recurrent abdominal pain associated with altered bowel movements, manifesting as constipation, diarrhea, or fluctuating between both. The...

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Chronic Salmonella Infection Induced Intestinal Fibrosis
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Evolving paradigms in the pathogenesis of IBD.

Lloyd Mayer1

  • 1Immunology Institute, Mount Sinai Medical Center, 1425 Madison Avenue, New York, NY 10029, USA. lloyd.mayer@mssm.edu

Journal of Gastroenterology
|December 5, 2009
PubMed
Summary

Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) research reveals shared pathways and genes in immune-mediated conditions. Understanding IBD pathogenesis offers new therapeutic targets for Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis.

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Gastroenterology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Immune-mediated inflammatory diseases pathogenesis is complex.
  • Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), including Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis, are increasingly understood through genetic, environmental, and immune response interactions.
  • IBD serves as a model for studying complex immune disorders.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the current understanding of IBD pathogenesis.
  • To highlight common pathways and genetic factors in immune-mediated diseases.
  • To identify novel therapeutic targets for IBD.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on IBD pathogenesis.
  • Analysis of genetic, environmental, and immune system contributions.

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  • Examination of emerging therapeutic strategies.

    • Main Results:

    • A clearer picture of IBD pathogenesis has emerged.
    • Common pathways and genes are increasingly recognized.
    • Novel therapies targeting IBD defects are in clinical development.

    Conclusions:

    • Understanding IBD pathogenesis has advanced significantly.
    • New therapeutic targets offer hope for cures.
    • The bench-to-bedside approach is yielding clinical advancements for IBD.