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Related Concept Videos

Smallpox01:24

Smallpox

Smallpox is a severe contagious disease caused by the Variola major virus, a double-stranded DNA member of the Poxviridae family.Variola major transmission occurs primarily via inhalation of virus-laden droplets or direct contact with infectious scabs. The incubation period averages approximately seven days, although it may range from 7 to 17 days depending on the inoculum and host factors.Clinically, the prodromal phase is marked by an abrupt onset of high fever, malaise, headache, and myalgia.
Endocarditis II: Clinical Features of Infective Endocarditis01:25

Endocarditis II: Clinical Features of Infective Endocarditis

Endocarditis can present various clinical features depending on the causative organism and the patient's underlying health conditions. Initially, the clinical features of infective endocarditis develop gradually, presenting with nonspecific symptoms that can be easily mistaken for other illnesses.General SymptomsEarly symptoms of infective endocarditis are fever, chills, weakness, malaise, fatigue, and weight loss. These symptoms reflect the systemic nature of the infection and the body's...
Skin Diseases and Disorders01:23

Skin Diseases and Disorders

Skin is the first line of defense and encounters a variety of microbes. Some pathogenic strains are often the cause of a broad range of infections of the skin and other body systems. These conditions can affect people of all ages and may have different causes, including genetic factors, infections, autoimmune reactions, environmental factors, and lifestyle choices.
Gram-positive Staphylococcus spp. and Streptococcus spp. are responsible for many of the most common skin infections. However, many...
Hypersensitivity Reactions: Immune-Complex Reactions01:19

Hypersensitivity Reactions: Immune-Complex Reactions

Type III hypersensitivity reactions occur when antigen–antibody complexes form and activate the complement system. Normally, these complexes help the clearance of antigens by phagocytes and red blood cells. However, when large numbers of immune complexes are present, they can deposit in tissues—particularly in the walls of blood vessels—leading to inflammation and tissue injury. These deposits trigger complement activation and neutrophil recruitment, resulting in serum sickness, a systemic...
Papillary Dermis01:11

Papillary Dermis

Dermis
The dermis might be considered the "core" of the integumentary system, as distinct from the epidermis and hypodermis. It contains blood and lymph vessels, nerves, and other structures, such as hair follicles and sweat glands. The dermis is made of two layers of connective tissue that comprise an interconnected mesh of elastin and collagenous fibers, produced by fibroblasts.
Papillary Layer
The papillary layer is made of loose, areolar connective tissue, which means the collagen and...
Chickenpox01:20

Chickenpox

Chickenpox is an acute, highly contagious disease caused by the varicella-zoster virus (VZV), a double-stranded DNA virus belonging to the Herpesviridae family. Its transmission occurs primarily through the inhalation of respiratory droplets or direct contact with vesicular fluid from skin lesions. The incubation period typically ranges from 10 to 21 days, during which the virus replicates and disseminates through sequential phases within the host. Although generally self-limiting in children,...

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Updated: Jun 18, 2026

Dermoscopy Aids in the Diagnosis of Discoid Lupus Erythematosus
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Dermoscopy Aids in the Diagnosis of Discoid Lupus Erythematosus

Published on: May 16, 2025

Nonpruritic erythematous plaques.

Larry Becker1, Cathy Kowalewski, John M Martin

  • 1Division of Dermatology and Cutaneous Surgery, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio School of Medicine, San Antonio, TX USA.

The Journal of Family Practice
|December 8, 2009
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

A man presented with nonpruritic skin plaques and numbness, initially misdiagnosed as chronic urticaria. Further investigation and biopsy are crucial for accurate diagnosis and effective treatment of this dermatological condition.

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Granulocyte-dependent Autoantibody-induced Skin Blistering
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Granulocyte-dependent Autoantibody-induced Skin Blistering

Published on: October 12, 2012

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Dermoscopy Aids in the Diagnosis of Discoid Lupus Erythematosus
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Granulocyte-dependent Autoantibody-induced Skin Blistering
12:23

Granulocyte-dependent Autoantibody-induced Skin Blistering

Published on: October 12, 2012

Area of Science:

  • Dermatology
  • Clinical Medicine

Background:

  • A 43-year-old male with a history of severe hand eczema presented with a year-long history of nonpruritic, erythematous plaques on his trunk and extremities.
  • The patient had been previously diagnosed with chronic urticaria and treated with antihistamines without significant improvement.

Observation:

  • Physical examination revealed multiple pink to red, minimally scaly plaques on the face, chest, back, and limbs.
  • The patient reported occasional numbness in his fingers and feet but denied constitutional symptoms.

Findings:

  • Laboratory tests including erythrocyte sedimentation rate, rapid plasma reagin, and complete blood count were within normal limits.
  • A punch biopsy of a skin lesion was performed for histological evaluation.

Implications:

  • The case highlights the importance of considering differential diagnoses beyond chronic urticaria for persistent skin lesions.
  • Accurate diagnosis through biopsy is essential for appropriate management and treatment of complex dermatological presentations.