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Updated: Jun 18, 2026

In Vitro Differentiation of Mouse Granulocyte-macrophage-colony-stimulating Factor (GM-CSF)-producing T Helper (THGM) Cells
Published on: September 10, 2018
Thymic squamous cell carcinoma producing granulocyte colony-stimulating factor associated with a high serum level of
Eriko Ayabe1, Kyoichi Kaira, Toshiaki Takahashi
1Division of Thoracic Oncology, Shizuoka Cancer Center, 1007 Shimonagakubo Nagaizumi-cho, Shizuoka 411-8777, Japan.
Abstract:
Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF)-producing thymic carcinoma is extremely rare. A-66-year-old man presented with an anterior mediastinal mass, and underwent surgical biopsy. He had marked leukocytosis, and his serum levels of G-CSF and interleukin-6 were elevated. Histologically, the tumor consisted of squamous cell carcinoma, which showed positive immunoreactivity for G-CSF. He was treated with thoracic radiotherapy, and chest imaging revealed a marked reduction of tumor size. He was doing well at 8 months after tumor diagnosis.
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