Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Structural Isomerism

Structural Isomerism

Isomerism in Complexes
Isomers are different chemical species that have the same chemical formula. Structural isomerism of coordination compounds can be divided into two subcategories, the linkage isomers and coordination-sphere isomers.
Linkage isomers occur when the coordination compound contains a ligand that can bind to the transition metal center through two different atoms. For example, the CN− ligand can bind through the carbon atom or through the nitrogen atom. Similarly, SCN− can be...

Coordination Compounds and Nomenclature

Coordination Compounds and Nomenclature

In most main group element compounds, the valence electrons of the isolated atoms combine to form chemical bonds that satisfy the octet rule. For instance, the four valence electrons of carbon overlap with electrons from four hydrogen atoms to form CH4. The one valence electron leaves sodium and adds to the seven valence electrons of chlorine to form the ionic formula unit NaCl (Figure 1a). Transition metals do not normally bond in this fashion. They primarily form coordinate covalent bonds, a...

Formation of Complex Ions

Formation of Complex Ions

A type of Lewis acid-base chemistry involves the formation of a complex ion (or a coordination complex) comprising a central atom, typically a transition metal cation, surrounded by ions or molecules called ligands. These ligands can be neutral molecules like H2O or NH3, or ions such as CN− or OH−. Often, the ligands act as Lewis bases, donating a pair of electrons to the central atom. These types of Lewis acid-base reactions are examples of a broad subdiscipline called coordination...

Metal-Ligand Bonds

Metal-Ligand Bonds

The hemoglobin in the blood, the chlorophyll in green plants, vitamin B-12, and the catalyst used in the manufacture of polyethylene all contain coordination compounds. Ions of the metals, especially the transition metals, are likely to form complexes.
In these complexes, transition metals form coordinate covalent bonds, a kind of Lewis acid-base interaction in which both of the electrons in the bond are contributed by a donor (Lewis base) to an electron acceptor (Lewis acid). The Lewis acid in...

Valence Bond Theory

Valence Bond Theory

Coordination compounds and complexes exhibit different colors, geometries, and magnetic behavior, depending on the metal atom/ion and ligands from which they are composed. In an attempt to explain the bonding and structure of coordination complexes, Linus Pauling proposed the valence bond theory, or VBT, using the concepts of hybridization and the overlapping of the atomic orbitals. According to VBT, the central metal atom or ion (Lewis acid) hybridizes to provide empty orbitals of suitable...

Complexation Equilibria: The Chelate Effect

Complexation Equilibria: The Chelate Effect

In complexation reactions, metal atoms or cations interact with ligands to form donor-acceptor adducts called metal complexes. Ligands that bind through one donor site are monodentate, ligands with two donor sites are bidentate, and those with more than two donor sites are polydentate ligands. For example, ethylene diamine is a bidentate ligand that binds through two nitrogen donor atoms, forming a five-membered ring. EDTA is a polydentate ligand that binds through four oxygen and two nitrogen...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Electronic Polarization Governs Structure-Transport Coupling of Angstrom-Scale Confined Water.

ACS nano·2026

Same author

Hydrogen-bond networks and proton transfer in choline geranate: insights from IR spectroscopy.

Physical chemistry chemical physics : PCCP·2026

Same author

Nanoplastics Can Build Themselves.

The journal of physical chemistry letters·2026

Same author

Good Practices for Simulation Studies Published in <i>The Journal of Physical Chemistry B</i>.

The journal of physical chemistry. B·2026

Same author

CONAN Build: Building Functionalized or Doped Carbon Nanomaterials.

Journal of chemical information and modeling·2026

Same author

Uncertainty Quantification for <i>In Silico</i> Chemistry.

Chemical reviews·2026

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 18, 2026

Preparation of SNS Cobalt(II) Pincer Model Complexes of Liver Alcohol Dehydrogenase

Preparation of SNS Cobalt(II) Pincer Model Complexes of Liver Alcohol Dehydrogenase

Published on: March 19, 2020

Cobalt(II) complexes of nitrile-functionalized ionic liquids.

Peter Nockemann¹, Michael Pellens, Kristof Van Hecke

¹Department of Chemistry, K.U. Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, bus 2404, 3001 Heverlee, Belgium. p.nockemann@qub.ac.uk

Chemistry (Weinheim an Der Bergstrasse, Germany)

|December 8, 2009

Summary

Nitrile-functionalized ionic liquids show tunable miscibility with alcohols, enabling investigation of cobalt(II) coordination chemistry. This research facilitates smooth cobalt metal electrodeposition from these unique ionic liquid solutions.

More Related Videos

Synthesis of Bimetallic Pt/Sn-based Nanoparticles in Ionic Liquids

Synthesis of Bimetallic Pt/Sn-based Nanoparticles in Ionic Liquids

Published on: August 23, 2018

From Molecules to Materials: Engineering New Ionic Liquid Crystals Through Halogen Bonding

From Molecules to Materials: Engineering New Ionic Liquid Crystals Through Halogen Bonding

Published on: March 24, 2018

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 18, 2026

Preparation of SNS Cobalt(II) Pincer Model Complexes of Liver Alcohol Dehydrogenase

Preparation of SNS Cobalt(II) Pincer Model Complexes of Liver Alcohol Dehydrogenase

Published on: March 19, 2020

Synthesis of Bimetallic Pt/Sn-based Nanoparticles in Ionic Liquids

Synthesis of Bimetallic Pt/Sn-based Nanoparticles in Ionic Liquids

Published on: August 23, 2018

From Molecules to Materials: Engineering New Ionic Liquid Crystals Through Halogen Bonding

From Molecules to Materials: Engineering New Ionic Liquid Crystals Through Halogen Bonding

Published on: March 24, 2018

Area of Science:

Materials Science
Coordination Chemistry
Electrochemistry

Background:

Ionic liquids (ILs) are versatile solvents with tunable properties.
Nitrile functional groups can influence IL behavior and coordination.
Understanding metal-IL interactions is crucial for applications like electrodeposition.

Purpose of the Study:

To synthesize and characterize nitrile-functionalized ionic liquids.
To investigate their thermomorphic behavior with lower alcohols.
To explore their coordination chemistry with cobalt(II) ions and potential for metal electrodeposition.

Main Methods:

Synthesis of nitrile-functionalized ionic liquids.
Miscibility studies with lower alcohols to observe thermomorphism.
Dissolution of cobalt(II) bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide to assess coordination.
X-ray crystallography of isolated cobalt(II) solvates.
Electrodeposition experiments to form cobalt metal layers.

Main Results:

Nitrile-functionalized ionic liquids exhibit temperature-dependent miscibility with lower alcohols.
Coordination of cobalt(II) ions is influenced by the nitrile group's donor ability.
Crystal structures reveal insights into the coordination environment of cobalt(II) in these ILs.
Smooth cobalt metal layers were successfully electrodeposited from cobalt-containing IL solutions.

Conclusions:

Nitrile functionalization offers a route to tune IL miscibility and coordination properties.
The donor ability of the nitrile group is key for cobalt(II) ion coordination.
These functionalized ionic liquids are promising media for cobalt metal electrodeposition.