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Related Concept Videos

Mechanism of Ciliary Motion01:05

Mechanism of Ciliary Motion

The ciliary structures were first seen in 1647 by Antonie Leeuwenhoek while observing the protozoans. In lower organisms, these appendages are responsible for cell movement, while in higher organisms, these appendages help in the movement of the extracellular fluids within the body cavities.
The cilia are made up of microtubules in a 9+2 arrangement, with nine microtubule doublet ring bundles, surrounding a pair of central singlet microtubule bundles. The doublet microtubule bundles are...
Mechanism of Ciliary Motion01:05

Mechanism of Ciliary Motion

The ciliary structures were first seen in 1647 by Antonie Leeuwenhoek while observing the protozoans. In lower organisms, these appendages are responsible for cell movement, while in higher organisms, these appendages help in the movement of the extracellular fluids within the body cavities.
The cilia are made up of microtubules in a 9+2 arrangement, with nine microtubule doublet ring bundles, surrounding a pair of central singlet microtubule bundles. The doublet microtubule bundles are...
Accessory Structures of the Eye01:17

Accessory Structures of the Eye

Optical perception, or vision, is an extraordinary sense dependent on converting light signals received via the ocular organs. These organs, known as eyes, are securely positioned within the bony cavities of the skull, called orbits. The orbits serve a dual purpose: a protective shield for the ocular globes and a stable attachment point for the soft ocular tissues. The eye's external protective mechanisms include the eyelids, which are edged with lashes that act as a barrier against foreign...
Photoreceptors and Visual Pathways01:22

Photoreceptors and Visual Pathways

At the molecular level, visual signals trigger transformations in photopigment molecules, resulting in changes in the photoreceptor cell's membrane potential. The photon's energy level is denoted by its wavelength, with each specific wavelength of visible light associated with a distinct color. The spectral range of visible light, classified as electromagnetic radiation, spans from 380 to 720 nm. Electromagnetic radiation wavelengths exceeding 720 nm fall under the infrared category, whereas...
Glaucoma: Overview01:25

Glaucoma: Overview

Glaucoma is an eye condition characterized by increased intraocular pressure that damages the retina and optic nerve, leading to irreversible blindness if left untreated. The human eye has various components, including the cornea, iris, pupil, lens, and optic nerve. Aqueous humor is secreted by the epithelium of the ciliary body in the posterior chamber and flows through the trabecular meshwork and canal of Schlemm, maintaining normal intraocular pressure. The trabecular meshwork and the canal...
Open Angle Glaucoma: Treatment01:27

Open Angle Glaucoma: Treatment

In open-angle glaucoma, the iridocorneal angle remains open, but the trabecular meshwork becomes stiff, slowing down the outflow of aqueous humor. This causes a buildup of aqueous humor in the anterior chamber, leading to a sudden increase in intraocular pressure. The treatment for open-angle glaucoma focuses on reducing the elevated intraocular pressure by either decreasing the secretion of aqueous humor or increasing its outflow.
Drugs such as carbonic anhydrase inhibitors, α2- and...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 18, 2026

Artificial Intelligence Approaches to Assessing Primary Cilia
08:58

Artificial Intelligence Approaches to Assessing Primary Cilia

Published on: May 1, 2021

Ciliary dysfunction and obesity.

C A Mok1, E Héon, M Zhen

  • 1The Program of Genetics and Genome Biology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.

Clinical Genetics
|December 9, 2009
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Genetic factors influencing primary cilia, crucial cellular organelles, are increasingly linked to obesity. Understanding these ciliary genes offers new avenues for obesity prevention and treatment.

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Area of Science:

  • Genetics
  • Cell Biology
  • Metabolic Disorders

Background:

  • Obesity is a global health crisis associated with severe comorbidities like heart disease and diabetes.
  • Genetic factors play a significant role in obesity development, necessitating research into their underlying mechanisms.
  • Primary cilia, cellular organelles, are implicated in various human disorders (ciliopathies) and increasingly linked to metabolic regulation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review and discuss the role of ciliary genes in the development and pathology of obesity.
  • To highlight the involvement of cilia in lipid and energy homeostasis.
  • To identify potential genetic factors contributing to common obesity.

Main Methods:

  • Review of recent scientific literature and studies.
  • Analysis of data from various animal models investigating ciliary gene function.
  • Examination of the link between ciliary dysfunction and obesity phenotypes.

Main Results:

  • Evidence supports a key role for ciliary genes in obesity development across different animal models.
  • Ciliary genes are involved in regulating lipid and energy balance.
  • Dysfunction in ciliary development and function is associated with obesity pathology.

Conclusions:

  • Ciliary genes are promising candidates for understanding the genetic basis of common obesity.
  • Further research into ciliary genes can improve obesity prevention, diagnosis, and treatment strategies.
  • The study underscores the importance of primary cilia in maintaining metabolic health.