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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 18, 2026

Continuous Theta Burst Stimulation of the Posterior Medial Frontal Cortex to Experimentally Reduce Ideological Threat Responses

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Published on: September 28, 2018

Volition diminishes genetically mediated amygdala hyperreactivity.

Dina M Schardt¹, Susanne Erk, Corinna Nüsser

¹Department of Psychiatry, Division of Medical Psychology, University of Bonn, Germany. schardt.dina@mh-hannover.de

|December 9, 2009

Summary

Cognitive emotion regulation can reduce heightened amygdala responses in individuals with the serotonin transporter gene (5-HTTLPR) short allele. This regulation works by altering brain connectivity between the amygdala and prefrontal regions.

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Area of Science:

Neuroscience
Genetics
Psychology

Background:

The serotonin transporter gene (5-HTTLPR) short allele is linked to increased amygdala reactivity to negative stimuli.
Cognitive emotion regulation strategies can decrease amygdala activation voluntarily.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate if cognitive emotion regulation can modulate genetically influenced amygdala hyperreactivity in 5-HTTLPR short allele carriers.
To explore the neural mechanisms underlying this modulation.

Main Methods:

Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) was used in 37 female subjects (21 s-carriers, 16 l/l-homozygotes).
Participants performed an emotion regulation task during fMRI scanning.

Main Results:

Cognitive emotion regulation reduced the difference in amygdala reactivity to threat stimuli between 5-HTTLPR genotype groups.
The regulatory effect was mediated by changes in prefrontal-amygdala connectivity.

Conclusions:

Cognitive regulation can modify genetically influenced brain function related to emotion processing.
Volitional control via cognitive strategies impacts genetically predisposed amygdala responses by altering prefrontal-amygdala connectivity.