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Dry mouth: diagnosing and treating its multiple causes.

E McDonald1, C Marino

  • 1St. John's Queens Hospital.

Geriatrics
|March 1, 1991
PubMed
Summary

Dry mouth in older adults has various causes and requires investigation. Management strategies for dry mouth, including addressing medications and Sjögren

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Area of Science:

  • Gerontology
  • Oral Medicine
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Dry mouth (xerostomia) is a prevalent issue among the elderly.
  • It is often multifactorial and not an inherent part of aging.
  • Identifying the underlying cause is crucial for effective management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the common causes of dry mouth in the elderly.
  • To discuss diagnostic approaches for xerostomia.
  • To review management strategies for alleviating dry mouth symptoms.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies on dry mouth in geriatric populations.
  • Analysis of potential etiologies including autoimmune diseases and medications.
  • Exploration of clinical diagnostic techniques such as labial biopsy.
  • Review of pharmacological and non-pharmacological interventions.

Main Results:

  • Sjögren's syndrome is a potential autoimmune cause, diagnosable via labial biopsy.
  • Medication side effects are a frequent contributor to dry mouth.
  • Dosage adjustment or discontinuation of causative drugs may be necessary.
  • Various management strategies exist for symptomatic relief.

Conclusions:

  • Dry mouth in the elderly necessitates a thorough etiological investigation.
  • Differential diagnosis should include conditions like Sjögren's syndrome and medication side effects.
  • Tailored management plans are essential for improving quality of life in affected individuals.

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