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Gingival crevicular fluid levels of MMP-8, MMP-9, TIMP-2, and MPO decrease after periodontal therapy
Andrea M Marcaccini1, Cesar A Meschiari, Leonardo R Zuardi
1Department of Buco-Maxilo-Facial Surgery and Periodontology, Dental School of Ribeirao Preto, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto, SP, Brazil.
Background:
This study aimed at comparing the levels of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-8, tissue Inhibitor of MMPs (TIMP)-1 and TIMP-2, Myeloperoxidase (MPO), and MMP-9 in the gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) of chronic periodontitis (CP) patients and controls at baseline and 3 months after non-surgical therapy.
Materials And Methods:
GCF was collected from one site of 15 control subjects and 27 CP patients. MMP-8, MMP-9, TIMP-1, and TIMP-2 were determined by Enzyme-linked immunoabsorbent assay; different forms of MMP-9, by gelatin zymography; and MPO, colorimetrically.
Results:
At baseline, higher levels of MMP-8, TIMP-2, MPO, and the 87 kDa-MMP-9 were found in patients compared with controls (p<0.001), and these molecules decreased after therapy (p<0.03). There were no differences between the groups with respect to the higher molecular forms of MMP-9 (180, 130, 92 kDa) or total MMP-9 at baseline. No differences were observed in TIMP-1 levels. In controls, decreased levels of TIMP-2 and the higher molecular forms of MMP-9 (180, 130, 92 kDa) were found 3 months after therapy compared with baseline (p<0.01).
Conclusions:
Higher levels of MMP-8, TIMP-2, MPO, and 87 kDa MMP-9 were found in the GCF of patients compared with controls, and these markers decreased 3 months after periodontal therapy.
Insights
Matrix metalloproteinase-8 (MMP-8), TIMP-2, myeloperoxidase (MPO), and a specific MMP-9 form were elevated in chronic periodontitis patients. These markers significantly decreased after periodontal therapy, indicating treatment effectiveness.
Area of Science:
- Periodontology
- Biochemistry
- Biomarkers
Background:
- Chronic periodontitis (CP) is a prevalent inflammatory condition affecting periodontal tissues.
- Gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) contains various enzymes and inhibitors that reflect periodontal health status.
- Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and their inhibitors (TIMPs) play crucial roles in tissue remodeling and inflammation in periodontal disease.
Purpose of the Study:
- To compare GCF levels of MMP-8, TIMP-1, TIMP-2, MPO, and MMP-9 between CP patients and controls.
- To evaluate the changes in these biomarkers 3 months after non-surgical periodontal therapy.
Main Methods:
- GCF samples were collected from 27 CP patients and 15 controls.
- MMP-8, MMP-9, TIMP-1, and TIMP-2 were quantified using Enzyme-linked immunoabsorbent assay (ELISA).
- MMP-9 isoforms were analyzed by gelatin zymography, and MPO was measured colorimetrically.
Main Results:
- Baseline GCF showed significantly higher levels of MMP-8, TIMP-2, MPO, and 87 kDa MMP-9 in CP patients compared to controls (p<0.001).
- These elevated markers decreased significantly (p<0.03) after non-surgical therapy.
- No significant differences were found in TIMP-1 or total MMP-9 levels between groups at baseline. In controls, TIMP-2 and higher molecular forms of MMP-9 decreased post-therapy (p<0.01).
Conclusions:
- Elevated GCF levels of MMP-8, TIMP-2, MPO, and 87 kDa MMP-9 are associated with chronic periodontitis.
- Non-surgical periodontal therapy leads to a significant reduction in these key inflammatory and tissue-degrading biomarkers.
