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Exploiting forward scattering for detecting submerged proud/half-buried unexploded ordnance.

J A Bucaro1, B H Houston, H Simpson

  • 1Excet, Inc., Springfield, Virginia 22151, USA. bucaro@pa.nrl.navy.mil

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Underwater sonar measurements show that forward echoes from unexploded ordnances are stronger than backscattered signals. Burial reduces backscatter but not forward echoes, aiding in target detection.

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Area of Science:

  • Acoustics
  • Oceanography
  • Geophysics

Background:

  • Underwater acoustic scattering is crucial for detecting submerged objects.
  • Unexploded ordnances (UXO) pose significant risks in marine environments.
  • Bistatic scattering provides unique target information compared to monostatic methods.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate underwater bistatic acoustic scattering from unexploded ordnances.
  • To analyze the effect of target burial depth on scattering characteristics.
  • To develop improved methods for target detection and identification in cluttered environments.

Main Methods:

  • Laboratory-based bistatic scattering measurements were conducted.
  • Scattering was measured for free, proud, and half-buried UXO models.
  • Acoustic signals were analyzed for different source angles (0 and 90 degrees).

Main Results:

  • Forward echoes were consistently larger than backscattered returns.
  • Half burial significantly reduced backscattered signals but had minimal impact on forward echoes.
  • Measurements demonstrated agreement with analytic predictions from radar scattering theory.

Conclusions:

  • The orientation and burial state of UXO significantly influence their acoustic scattering signatures.
  • Forward scattering is a robust indicator for UXO detection, less affected by burial.
  • A novel method utilizing source location and signal characteristics was proposed for target detection in scenarios where direct signal separation is not feasible.