Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Vaccine Production

Vaccine Production

Vaccine production involves a sequence of upstream and downstream processes to generate a safe and effective immunological product. It begins with cultivating microorganisms, such as viruses or bacteria, to obtain antigenic material. For viral vaccines, mammalian host cells are grown in bioreactors and subsequently infected with the target virus. The virus replicates within the host cells, which are lysed to release viral particles. This lysate is then clarified through filtration or...

Ethical Issues

Ethical Issues

Nurses are essential in patient care, upholding the ethical principles of their profession and effectively navigating ethical dilemmas. Neglecting ethical issues can lead to inadequate patient care, compromised therapeutic relationships, and moral distress among healthcare workers.
Ethical Concerns in Healthcare:

Microorganisms in Medicine and Therapeutics

Microorganisms in Medicine and Therapeutics

Microorganisms play a fundamental role in vaccine development, gene therapy, and therapeutic production. Their biological properties are harnessed to advance medicine and public health. Beyond immunization, microorganisms contribute to gut health, antibiotic synthesis, and genetic disease treatment.Live Attenuated and Inactivated VaccinesLive attenuated vaccines, such as the measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR) vaccine, utilize weakened forms of pathogens to closely resemble natural infections.

Ethics in Research

Ethics in Research

Today, scientists agree that good research is ethical in nature and is guided by a basic respect for human dignity and safety. However, this has not always been the case. Modern researchers must demonstrate that the research they perform is ethically sound.

Ethical Dilemmas I

Ethical Dilemmas I

Ethical dilemmas in nursing are of utmost importance, as they often arise from the tension between adhering to core ethical principles and the practical realities of healthcare delivery. These dilemmas require nurses to navigate complex situations where competing ethical considerations pull them in different directions.
Let us explore some examples to understand the potentially complex moral decisions nurses face.
Take the case of caring for minors, particularly in areas related to reproductive...

Ethics and Bioethics

Ethics and Bioethics

Ethics is a philosophical study of moral actions. Ethics attempts to determine what is valuable for individuals and society. It examines the rational justification of moral judgments and analyzes what is morally just, fair, and right. Bioethics is a sub-discipline of applied ethics that analyzes the philosophical, social, and legal issues in life sciences and medicine. Ethical theories serve as a foundation for decision-making and represent the viewpoints from which people seek direction. They...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Veterinary Medical Ethics.

The Canadian veterinary journal = La revue veterinaire canadienne·2021

Same author

Veterinary Medical Ethics.

The Canadian veterinary journal = La revue veterinaire canadienne·2021

Same author

Veterinary Medical Ethics.

The Canadian veterinary journal = La revue veterinaire canadienne·2021

Same author

Veterinary Medical Ethics.

The Canadian veterinary journal = La revue veterinaire canadienne·2021

Same author

Veterinary Medical Ethics.

The Canadian veterinary journal = La revue veterinaire canadienne·2021

Same author

Veterinary Medical Ethics.

The Canadian veterinary journal = La revue veterinaire canadienne·2021

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 17, 2026

Rabies Necropsy Techniques in Large and Small Animals

Rabies Necropsy Techniques in Large and Small Animals

Published on: July 30, 2019

Veterinary ethics and production diseases.

Bernard E Rollin¹

¹Colorado State University, Ft. Collins, CO 80523-1781, USA. Bernard.Rollin@colostate.edu

Animal Health Research Reviews

|December 17, 2009

Summary

Animal welfare is based on five freedoms, including freedom from pain and distress. Veterinary medicine must address production diseases preventable by improving farming systems.

Area of Science:

Veterinary Medicine
Animal Welfare Science

Background:

Animal welfare is a critical ethical consideration in modern agriculture and veterinary practice.
The established framework for animal welfare includes five essential freedoms: freedom from hunger/thirst, discomfort, pain/injury/disease, normal behavior, and fear/distress.

Purpose of the Study:

To emphasize the ethical obligation of veterinary professionals to advocate against production diseases.
To highlight the role of systemic changes in preventing diseases linked to animal production methods.

Main Methods:

This abstract does not detail specific experimental methods.
The discussion is based on established principles of animal welfare and veterinary ethics.

Main Results:

More Related Videos

Transition of Farm Pigs to Research Pigs using a Designated Checklist followed by Initiation of Clicker Training - a Refinement Initiative

Transition of Farm Pigs to Research Pigs using a Designated Checklist followed by Initiation of Clicker Training - a Refinement Initiative

Published on: August 21, 2021

Large Volume Blood Collection from Swine for In Vitro Applications: Use of Intracardiac Cannulation and a Vacuum Pump as a Terminal Procedure

Large Volume Blood Collection from Swine for In Vitro Applications: Use of Intracardiac Cannulation and a Vacuum Pump as a Terminal Procedure

Published on: July 25, 2025

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 17, 2026

Rabies Necropsy Techniques in Large and Small Animals

Rabies Necropsy Techniques in Large and Small Animals

Published on: July 30, 2019

Transition of Farm Pigs to Research Pigs using a Designated Checklist followed by Initiation of Clicker Training - a Refinement Initiative

Transition of Farm Pigs to Research Pigs using a Designated Checklist followed by Initiation of Clicker Training - a Refinement Initiative

Published on: August 21, 2021

Large Volume Blood Collection from Swine for In Vitro Applications: Use of Intracardiac Cannulation and a Vacuum Pump as a Terminal Procedure

Large Volume Blood Collection from Swine for In Vitro Applications: Use of Intracardiac Cannulation and a Vacuum Pump as a Terminal Procedure

Published on: July 25, 2025

Production diseases, often preventable, pose a significant challenge to animal welfare.
Current production systems can contribute to conditions that compromise the five freedoms.

Conclusions:

Veterinary medicine must actively oppose production diseases through advocacy and promoting systemic improvements.
Addressing the root causes within production systems is essential for upholding animal welfare standards.