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Melatonin is released in the third ventricle in humans. A study in movement disorders
José Leston1, Catherine Harthé, Jocelyne Brun
1Neurosurgical Unit A, Stem Cell and Brain Research Institute, Department of Chronobiology, Bron, France.
Neuroscience Letters
|December 17, 2009
Summary
Melatonin levels in human cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) are higher in the third ventricle than the lateral ventricles or plasma. This suggests direct entry into the CSF via the pineal recess, impacting brain function.
Area of Science:
- Neuroscience
- Endocrinology
- Biochemistry
Background:
- Melatonin is a key hormone regulating circadian rhythms and has neuroprotective effects.
- Understanding melatonin's source and metabolism in human cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) is crucial for its neurological implications.
Purpose of the Study:
- To determine the sources and metabolism of melatonin in human CSF.
- To compare melatonin and 6-sulfatoxymelatonin (aMT6S) concentrations in CSF and plasma of patients with movement disorders.
Main Methods:
- CSF and plasma samples were collected during neurosurgery from patients with movement disorders.
- Melatonin and aMT6S concentrations were measured in CSF from lateral and third ventricles and compared to plasma levels.
- Melatonin excretion in urine was assessed and compared to healthy controls.
Main Results:
- Melatonin concentrations were significantly higher in the third ventricle compared to the lateral ventricles (p=0.01).
- CSF aMT6S levels were low, consistent in both ventricles, and uncorrelated with melatonin levels.
- Melatonin levels in the third ventricle were significantly higher than in plasma, while lateral ventricle levels matched plasma levels.
Conclusions:
- Melatonin may directly enter human CSF through the pineal recess.
- The physiological significance of localized melatonin concentrations in the human brain requires further investigation.
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