Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jun 17, 2026
08:18
Intracranial Pressure Monitoring In Nontraumatic Intraventricular Hemorrhage Rodent Model
Published on: February 8, 2022
Idiopathic intracranial hypertension without papilledema.
Sushil Beri1, Jayaprakash A Gosalakkal, Nahin Hussain
1Department of Paediatric Neurology, Leicester Royal Infirmary, University Hospitals of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom. sushilberi@gmail.com
Pediatric Neurology
|December 17, 2009
Summary
Idiopathic intracranial hypertension without papilledema is rare in children, often presenting as chronic daily headache. Specific therapies can improve symptoms, though some cases may require surgical intervention.
Area of Science:
- Neurology
- Pediatrics
- Ophthalmology
Background:
- Idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH) involves elevated cerebrospinal fluid pressure without a clear cause.
- IIH without papilledema is uncommon in pediatric patients, unlike in adults.
- Pediatric IIH without papilledema often mimics chronic daily headache and migraine.
Observation:
- This study details six pediatric cases of IIH without papilledema.
- Patients presented with chronic daily headaches, some with migraine-like features.
- Clinical presentation can be similar to other headache disorders in children.
Findings:
- The response to medical management for these pediatric cases was variable.
- One child required a lumboperitoneal shunt due to persistent symptoms.
- The surgical outcome for the shunt procedure was positive.
Implications:
- Early diagnosis and tailored treatment are crucial for pediatric IIH without papilledema.
- Recognizing this condition can prevent misdiagnosis and delayed treatment.
- Further research is needed to optimize management strategies for this rare pediatric condition.
Related Concept Videos
01:14Increased Intracranial Pressure l: Introduction
Intracranial hypertension is a sustained elevation of intracranial pressure (ICP) above 22 mm Hg. In supine adults, normal ICP is ~7–15 mm Hg.The rigid, nonexpandable cranium contains three components—brain tissue, blood, and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)—that total ~1,700 mL in a typical adult: 1,400 mL brain (~80%), 150 mL blood (~10%), and 150 mL CSF (~10%). According to the Monro–Kellie doctrine, total intracranial volume is effectively fixed. When one component expands, CSF and venous blood...
01:29Increased Intracranial Pressure ll: Pathophysiology
Increased intracranial pressure (ICP) refers to a potentially life-threatening rise in pressure inside the skull. This usually happens when there is a major change in the volume of brain tissue, blood, or cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) — the three components inside the skull. According to the Monro-Kellie doctrine, if the volume of one component increases, the volumes of the other components must decrease to maintain normal pressure. If this does not happen, ICP rises.The process often begins with...
01:22Cerebral Edema ll: Pathophysiology
Vasogenic edema is a major form of cerebral edema characterized by abnormal accumulation of fluid in the brain’s extracellular space due to disruption of the blood–brain barrier (BBB). The BBB is a specialized structure composed of endothelial cells connected by tight junctions, supported by astrocytic endfeet and a basement membrane. Under normal conditions, it tightly regulates the movement of ions, proteins, and solutes between the bloodstream and brain parenchyma. When this barrier loses...
01:19Cerebral Edema l: Introduction
Cerebral edema is a pathological increase in brain water content that disrupts intracranial pressure regulation and impairs neurological function. Because the cranial vault is rigid, even modest increases in tissue volume can compromise cerebral perfusion, distort neural structures, and initiate secondary injury. Cerebral edema develops through four principal mechanisms: vasogenic, cytotoxic, interstitial, and ionic.Vasogenic EdemaVasogenic edema arises from disruption of the blood–brain...
01:25Glaucoma: Overview
Glaucoma is an eye condition characterized by increased intraocular pressure that damages the retina and optic nerve, leading to irreversible blindness if left untreated. The human eye has various components, including the cornea, iris, pupil, lens, and optic nerve. Aqueous humor is secreted by the epithelium of the ciliary body in the posterior chamber and flows through the trabecular meshwork and canal of Schlemm, maintaining normal intraocular pressure. The trabecular meshwork and the canal...
01:17Hemorrhagic Stroke l: Introduction
A hemorrhagic stroke is an acute neurological event that occurs when a weakened cerebral blood vessel ruptures, allowing blood to accumulate within or around the brain. The sudden release of blood forms a focal hematoma that increases intracranial pressure, displaces neural tissue, and can obstruct cerebrospinal fluid pathways. These effects may be compounded by intraventricular extension of the hemorrhage, cerebral edema, or compression of adjacent structures, all of which contribute to...