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Related Concept Videos

Pulmonary Embolism II: Diagnostic Studies and Interprofessional Care01:29

Pulmonary Embolism II: Diagnostic Studies and Interprofessional Care

Diagnosing Pulmonary EmbolismDiagnosing pulmonary embolism (PE) involves clinical assessment and advanced imaging tests. The preferred diagnostic tool is the spiral (helical) CT scan or CT angiography (CTA), which uses intravenous contrast media to visualize the pulmonary vasculature and identify emboli.A ventilation-perfusion (V/Q) scan is an alternative for patients unable to receive contrast media. This scan includes both perfusion and ventilation scanning. Perfusion scanning involves...
Pulmonary Embolism I: Introduction01:29

Pulmonary Embolism I: Introduction

Pulmonary embolism (PE) occurs when a thrombus, fat or air embolus, amniotic fluid, or tumor tissue blocks one or more pulmonary arteries. These blockages originate in the venous system or the right side of the heart.EtiologyPE primarily arises from deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and other hypercoagulable states, such as inherited thrombophilias. Additional etiological factors include venous stasis, commonly seen in obesity, and endothelial injury from surgery and trauma. Less common causes include...
Pulmonary Embolism I: Introduction01:19

Pulmonary Embolism I: Introduction

A blood clot, or thrombus, is a semi-solid mass composed of fibrin, platelets, and red blood cells. When it forms within a vessel, it can obstruct blood flow, known as thrombosis. If part of the clot detaches, it becomes an embolus that can travel and block distant vessels. When this occurs in the pulmonary arteries, it causes a condition known as pulmonary embolism (PE).Origin and ImpactMost often, the embolus originates from a thrombus in the deep veins of the lower limbs, a condition called...
Pulmonary Embolism III: Nursing Management01:27

Pulmonary Embolism III: Nursing Management

A pulmonary embolism occurs when a thrombus, amniotic fluid, tumor tissue, fat, or air embolus blocks one or more pulmonary arteries. Effective nursing management and patient education are crucial for improving outcomes and preventing recurrence.Nursing management starts with obtaining a comprehensive patient history, particularly noting any history of deep vein thrombosis (DVT). Assess for clinical manifestations, including dyspnea, chest pain, crackles, heart murmurs, and signs of right-sided...
Venous Thrombosis III: Interprofessional Care01:29

Venous Thrombosis III: Interprofessional Care

Venous thrombosis requires effective prevention and treatment strategies to improve patient outcomes and reduce potential complications.Prevention StrategiesHealthcare providers must prioritize preventing venous thromboembolism (VTE) for all adult patients upon admission. Interventions depend on bleeding and thrombosis risk, medical history, current medications, diagnoses, planned procedures, and patient preferences. Patients on bed rest should change positions every two hours and, if not...
Peripheral Artery Disease V: Postoperative Nursing Management01:23

Peripheral Artery Disease V: Postoperative Nursing Management

During the postoperative period, it is crucial to focus on maintaining circulation, identifying and managing potential complications, and planning for discharge.Nursing AssessmentVital signs monitoring: Regularly monitor vital signs, including blood pressure, heart rate, respiratory rate, and temperature, to detect early signs of complications such as bleeding and infection.Circulation assessment: Monitor pulses, perform Doppler assessments, and check capillary refill, color, temperature, and...

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A Porcine Model of Acute Autologous Pulmonary Embolism
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Ongoing paradoxical particulate embolism during megaprosthesis placement.

Krzysztof Laudanski1, Samir P Patel, Yong G Peng

  • 1Department of Anesthesiology, University of Florida College of Medicine, PO Box 100254, Gainesville, FL 32610-0254, USA. klaudanski@anest.ufl.edu

Journal of Clinical Anesthesia
|December 17, 2009
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Solid particle pulmonary embolism (PE) is a rare orthopedic complication. A patent foramen ovale (PFO) facilitated cement particles into systemic circulation, causing hypoxemia but no hemodynamic instability in a hip replacement patient.

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Area of Science:

  • Orthopedic Surgery
  • Cardiology
  • Pulmonology

Background:

  • Pulmonary embolism (PE) from solid particles is a rare complication during orthopedic procedures.
  • A patent foramen ovale (PFO) can allow embolic material to cross into the systemic circulation.

Observation:

  • A case report details a 33-year-old woman undergoing proximal femur resection with megaprosthesis reconstruction.
  • During surgery, cement particles were injected to stabilize the prosthesis.
  • Echodense particulate matter was visualized in the right and left atria and ventricles, coinciding with decreased arterial oxygen levels.

Findings:

  • Hemodynamic stability was maintained throughout the embolic event.
  • Postoperative follow-up revealed persistent hypoxemia without other significant abnormalities.

Implications:

  • This case highlights the potential for paradoxical embolism in patients with PFO during orthopedic surgery.
  • It underscores the importance of recognizing and managing PE complications, even in the absence of hemodynamic compromise.
  • Further review of PE pathophysiology in the context of PFO is warranted.