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Bacteroides faecis sp. nov., isolated from human faeces.

Min-Soo Kim^1,2, Seong Woon Roh^1,2, Jin-Woo Bae^1,2

¹University of Science & Technology, Biological Resources Center, KRIBB, Daejeon 305-806, Republic of Korea.

International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology

|December 17, 2009

Summary

Two novel anaerobic bacteria, Bacteroides faecis sp. nov., were identified from human feces. These Gram-negative bacteria represent a new species within the Bacteroides genus, confirmed by genetic and phenotypic analysis.

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Area of Science:

Microbiology
Bacteriology
Genomics

Background:

Human gut microbiota plays a crucial role in health.
The genus Bacteroides comprises important anaerobic bacteria residing in the human gut.
Accurate classification of bacterial species is essential for understanding their ecological roles and potential impact.

Purpose of the Study:

To isolate and characterize novel anaerobic bacteria from human faeces.
To determine the taxonomic position of the isolates using phenotypic, chemotaxonomic, and genotypic methods.
To propose a new species within the genus Bacteroides.

Main Methods:

Isolation of anaerobic, Gram-negative bacteria from human faecal samples.
Phenotypic characterization including growth conditions, biochemical tests (oxidase, catalase, acid production), and bile sensitivity.
Genotypic analysis involving 16S rRNA gene sequencing and DNA-DNA hybridization.
Chemotaxonomic analysis of DNA G+C content and major fatty acid profiles.

Main Results:

Two strains, MAJ27(T) and MAJ26, were identified as anaerobic, Gram-negative, non-motile, non-spore-forming bacteria.
High 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity (98.6-98.7%) to Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron and (96.9-97.0%) to Bacteroides finegoldii was observed, but low DNA-DNA relatedness (≤22%).
DNA G+C content (42.7±1 mol%) and major fatty acid (anteiso-C15:0) supported classification within the Bacteroides genus, leading to the proposal of Bacteroides faecis sp. nov.

Conclusions:

Strains MAJ27(T) and MAJ26 represent a novel species, Bacteroides faecis sp. nov.
The classification is supported by a polyphasic approach integrating phenotypic, chemotaxonomic, genotypic, and phylogenetic data.
This finding expands the known diversity of the Bacteroides genus in the human gut microbiome.