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Updated: Jun 17, 2026

Induction of Drug-Induced, Autoimmune Hepatitis in BALB/c Mice for the Study of Its Pathogenic Mechanisms

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Published on: May 29, 2020

Drug-induced immune hemolytic anemia.

George Garratty¹

¹American Red Cross Blood Services, Southern California Region, Pomona, CA 91768, USA. garratty@usa.redcross.org

Hematology. American Society of Hematology. Education Program

|December 17, 2009

Summary

Drug-induced immune hemolytic anemia (DIIHA) is a rare condition often requiring specialized testing. Current research highlights cefotetan, ceftriaxone, and piperacillin as common culprits, with evolving understanding of DIIHA mechanisms.

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Methods for Quantitative Detection of Antibody-induced Complement Activation on Red Blood Cells

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Induction of Drug-Induced, Autoimmune Hepatitis in BALB/c Mice for the Study of Its Pathogenic Mechanisms

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Methods for Quantitative Detection of Antibody-induced Complement Activation on Red Blood Cells

Methods for Quantitative Detection of Antibody-induced Complement Activation on Red Blood Cells

Published on: January 29, 2014

Area of Science:

Hematology
Immunology
Pharmacology

Background:

Drug-induced immune hemolytic anemia (DIIHA) is a rare condition.
Diagnosis often requires specialized serological testing.
Associated drugs and proposed mechanisms have evolved over decades.

Purpose of the Study:

To review current understanding of DIIHA.
To discuss common drugs and their mechanisms.
To highlight diagnostic challenges and evolving hypotheses.

Main Methods:

Literature review of DIIHA.
Analysis of common associated drugs (cefotetan, ceftriaxone, piperacillin).
Discussion of proposed pathogenic mechanisms (drug-dependent/independent antibodies, immune complexes).

Main Results:

DIIHA is frequently caused by drug-dependent antibodies (e.g., cephalosporins).
Drug-independent antibodies can mimic autoimmune hemolytic anemia (AIHA).
Mechanisms include covalent binding (penicillin) and immune complex formation.

Conclusions:

Understanding of DIIHA mechanisms is still evolving.
Accurate diagnosis relies on specialized laboratory testing.
Further research is needed to elucidate why some drugs induce autoantibodies.