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Quantification of Cerebral Vascular Architecture using Two-photon Microscopy in a Mouse Model of HIV-induced Neuroinflammation
Published on: January 12, 2016
HIV-associated intracranial aneurysmal vasculopathy in adults
Deborah A Goldstein1, Joseph Timpone, Thomas R Cupps
1Infectious Disease Department, Georgetown University Hospital, Washington, DC, USA. dgoldstein@wwc.org
The Journal of Rheumatology
|December 17, 2009
Summary
Diffuse intracranial aneurysms in adults with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) are rare but serious. This review highlights their presentation, imaging, and potential treatment strategies for HIV-associated vasculopathy.
Area of Science:
- Neurology
- Infectious Diseases
- Vascular Medicine
Background:
- Diffuse fusiform intracranial aneurysms are increasingly recognized in adults with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV).
- The etiology and optimal management of this condition remain largely unknown.
- These aneurysms carry significant clinical implications, particularly in immunosuppressed individuals.
Purpose of the Study:
- To systematically review diffuse intracranial fusiform aneurysmal vasculopathy in patients with HIV.
- To consolidate available data on clinical presentation, imaging characteristics, and treatment approaches.
Main Methods:
- A comprehensive literature search was conducted for case reports and reviews published before February 2009.
- Included patients had HIV infection and radiographic evidence of fusiform aneurysmal vasculopathy.
- Data from 11 published adult cases and one unpublished case were analyzed.
Main Results:
- Adults with HIV-associated aneurysmal vasculopathy are typically severely immunosuppressed.
- Common presentations include gross neurologic dysfunction, cerebral hemorrhage, or infarct.
- Characteristic imaging reveals diffuse, fusiform intracranial aneurysms.
Conclusions:
- Treatment may involve managing active infections, initiating antiretroviral therapy, and corticosteroid use.
- This approach offers a potential strategy for this complex syndrome.
- Further research is needed to elucidate the pathophysiology and refine treatment protocols.
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