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Combination Therapies and Personalized Medicine02:50

Combination Therapies and Personalized Medicine

Combining two or more treatment methods increases the life span of cancer patients while reducing damage to vital organs or tissue from the overuse of a single treatment. Combination therapy also targets different cancer-inducing pathways, thus reducing the chances of developing resistance to treatment.
The combination of the drug acetazolamide and sulforaphane is a good example of combination therapy to treat cancer. The cells in the interior of a large tumor often die due to the hypoxic and...
Combination Therapies and Personalized Medicine02:50

Combination Therapies and Personalized Medicine

Combining two or more treatment methods increases the life span of cancer patients while reducing damage to vital organs or tissue from the overuse of a single treatment. Combination therapy also targets different cancer-inducing pathways, thus reducing the chances of developing resistance to treatment.
The combination of the drug acetazolamide and sulforaphane is a good example of combination therapy to treat cancer. The cells in the interior of a large tumor often die due to the hypoxic and...
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Targeted Cancer Therapies

The targeted cancer therapies, also known as “molecular targeted therapies,” take advantage of the molecular and genetic differences between the cancer cells and the normal cells. It needs a thorough understanding of the cancer cells to develop drugs that can target specific molecular aspects that drive the growth, progression, and spread of cancer cells without affecting the growth and survival of other normal cells in the body.
There are several types of targeted therapies against specific...
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Treatment Resistent Cancers

Cancer is the second leading cause of death in the United States. A cancer cell is genetically unstable and hence can mutate faster. They can also modify their microenvironment and escape immune surveillance. The difficulties in treating cancer are further compounded by the emergence of rapid resistance to anticancer drugs. The most common ways to attain resistance in cancer cells include alteration in drug transport and metabolism, modification of drug target, elevated DNA damage response, or...
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Future novel single agent and combination therapies.

Diana Cirstea1, Sonia Vallet, Noopur Raje

  • 1Leebow Institute of Myeloma Therapeutics and Jerome Lipper Multiple Myeloma Disease Center, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.

Cancer Journal (Sudbury, Mass.)
|December 17, 2009
PubMed
Summary

Novel therapies are improving survival for multiple myeloma (MM), a bone marrow cancer. Research focuses on new agents targeting MM biology, especially for older patients who need better treatment options.

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Area of Science:

  • Hematology
  • Oncology
  • Cancer Research

Background:

  • Multiple myeloma (MM) is an incurable bone marrow cancer with improving survival rates, particularly in younger patients.
  • Advances in stem-cell transplantation, supportive care, and novel therapies have contributed to better outcomes.
  • However, survival improvements for older MM patients remain limited, necessitating innovative treatment strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review novel therapeutic agents currently in early-phase clinical trials for multiple myeloma.
  • To highlight agents targeting various aspects of MM biology, including tumor cells, stromal compartments, and the tumor microenvironment.
  • To provide an overview of emerging treatments for MM, alone or in combination therapy.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of novel agents in early-phase clinical trials for multiple myeloma.
  • Categorization of novel agents based on their molecular targets and mechanisms of action.
  • Synthesis of information on therapeutic strategies targeting tumor and stromal compartments.

Main Results:

  • A diverse pipeline of novel agents is under investigation for MM treatment.
  • These agents target multiple pathways including membrane-bound receptors, intracellular signaling kinases, cell cycle machinery, epigenetic regulation, protein dynamics, and tumor vasculature.
  • Examples include agents targeting insulin-like growth factor-1, VEGF, CD40, JAK/STAT, PI3K/AKT/mTOR, MAPK pathways, CDKs, DNMTs, HDACs, HSP90, and the ubiquitin-proteasome system.

Conclusions:

  • Significant progress is being made in developing novel therapies for multiple myeloma.
  • These agents offer new hope for improving treatment efficacy and patient outcomes, especially for older adults.
  • The review underscores the dynamic research landscape and the potential of these novel agents in MM management.