Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Sexually Transmitted Infections

Sexually Transmitted Infections

Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) are diseases transmitted primarily through unsafe sexual interactions. Bacteria, viruses, or parasites cause them and can result in severe health complications if untreated.ChlamydiaThe bacterium Chlamydia trachomatis is responsible for the disease Chlamydia, the most common STI in the United States. This peculiar pathogen requires human cells to reproduce, residing intracellularly. The initial infection often goes unnoticed because it typically does not...

Trichomoniasis

Trichomoniasis

Trichomonas vaginalis is a flagellated protozoan parasite and the causative agent of trichomoniasis, one of the most prevalent non-viral sexually transmitted infections in the United States. This extracellular parasite primarily colonizes the lower genitourinary tract in women—particularly the vagina—and in men, the urethra and prostate. Its structural and functional adaptations enable its survival, motility, and pathogenicity within the host environment.Structural Features and Host EntryT.

Amebiasis

Amebiasis

Entamoeba histolytica, a protozoan parasite, is responsible for intestinal and extraintestinal amebiasis. Though a significant proportion of infections remain asymptomatic, approximately 50 million individuals annually are estimated to present with clinical disease, resulting in up to 100,000 deaths globally. The disease burden is disproportionately high in regions with lower socioeconomic status, such as parts of India, Africa, Mexico, and Latin America.Etiology and TransmissionThe infective...

Toxoplasmosis

Toxoplasmosis

Toxoplasmosis, a zoonotic disease caused by the protozoan Toxoplasma gondii, poses significant public health challenges globally due to its high seroprevalence and varied clinical manifestations. As an obligate intracellular parasite, T. gondii can infect all warm-blooded vertebrates, but felids are its only definitive hosts, shedding unsporulated oocysts into the environment. Humans typically acquire the infection through ingestion of tissue cysts in undercooked meat or oocysts from...

Giardiasis

Giardiasis

Giardiasis is a globally prevalent intestinal infection caused by the protozoan parasite Giardia duodenalis (also known as G. lamblia or G. intestinalis). This flagellated protozoan is the most frequently identified intestinal parasite in the United States and worldwide. Transmission primarily occurs via the fecal-oral route, with infection arising from ingestion of water or food contaminated with cysts. Individuals in low-resource settings, international travelers, outdoor enthusiasts, daycare...

Sex Linked Disorders

Sex Linked Disorders

Like autosomes, sex chromosomes contain a variety of genes necessary for normal body function. When a mutation in one of these genes results in biological deficits, the disorder is considered sex-linked.

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Motivations and Barriers Toward Implementation of a Rectal Cancer Synoptic Operative Report: A Process Evaluation.

Diseases of the colon and rectum·2021

Same author

Elucidating the fundamental fibrotic processes driving abdominal adhesion formation.

Nature communications·2020

Same author

Effects of Colorectal Surgery Classification on Reported Postoperative Surgical Site Infections.

The Journal of surgical research·2019

Same author

Surgical and molecular characterization of primary and metastatic disease in a neuroendocrine tumor arising in a tailgut cyst.

Cold Spring Harbor molecular case studies·2018

Same author

Deep Immune Profiling of an Arginine-Enriched Nutritional Intervention in Patients Undergoing Surgery.

Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950)·2017

Same author

The Prognostic Significance of Pretreatment Hematologic Parameters in Patients Undergoing Resection for Colorectal Cancer.

American journal of clinical oncology·2015

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 17, 2026

Sexual Transmission of American Trypanosomes from Males and Females to Naive Mates

Sexual Transmission of American Trypanosomes from Males and Females to Naive Mates

Published on: January 27, 2019

Sexually transmitted parasitic diseases.

Andrew A Shelton¹

¹Division of Colon and Rectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California 94305, USA. shelton@stanford.edu

Clinics in Colon and Rectal Surgery

|December 17, 2009

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Several parasitic infections, including amebiasis and giardiasis, can be sexually transmitted through fecal-oral contact. This review discusses the management of these common protozoan and nematode infections.

Keywords:

Amebiasis giardiasis parasites

More Related Videos

Determining Soil-transmitted Helminth Infection Status and Physical Fitness of School-aged Children

Determining Soil-transmitted Helminth Infection Status and Physical Fitness of School-aged Children

Published on: August 22, 2012

Superior Auto-Identification of Trypanosome Parasites by Using a Hybrid Deep-Learning Model

Superior Auto-Identification of Trypanosome Parasites by Using a Hybrid Deep-Learning Model

Published on: October 27, 2023

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 17, 2026

Sexual Transmission of American Trypanosomes from Males and Females to Naive Mates

Sexual Transmission of American Trypanosomes from Males and Females to Naive Mates

Published on: January 27, 2019

Determining Soil-transmitted Helminth Infection Status and Physical Fitness of School-aged Children

Determining Soil-transmitted Helminth Infection Status and Physical Fitness of School-aged Children

Published on: August 22, 2012

Superior Auto-Identification of Trypanosome Parasites by Using a Hybrid Deep-Learning Model

Superior Auto-Identification of Trypanosome Parasites by Using a Hybrid Deep-Learning Model

Published on: October 27, 2023

Area of Science:

* Infectious Diseases
* Parasitology
* Public Health

Background:

* A growing number of diseases are recognized as sexually transmitted infections (STIs).
* While most STIs are bacterial or viral, parasitic infections like protozoa and nematodes can also be transmitted sexually.
* For many parasitic infections, the primary transmission route is nonsexual, but sexual activity facilitating fecal-oral contact is a key factor.

Purpose of the Study:

* To highlight parasitic diseases transmitted through sexual contact.
* To discuss the management strategies for amebiasis and giardiasis.
* To inform healthcare providers about non-traditional STI transmission routes.

Main Methods:

* Literature review of parasitic infections transmitted sexually.
* Analysis of transmission dynamics, focusing on fecal-oral routes during sexual activity.
* Synthesis of current clinical management guidelines for amebiasis and giardiasis.

Main Results:

* Amebiasis and giardiasis are identified as two significant parasitic diseases commonly transmitted via sexual contact.
* Fecal-oral transmission during sexual activity is a primary route for these infections.
* Effective management protocols exist for both amebiasis and giardiasis.

Conclusions:

* Parasitic infections like amebiasis and giardiasis represent an important, often overlooked, category of sexually transmitted diseases.
* Understanding nonsexual transmission routes, particularly fecal-oral contact during sexual activity, is crucial for prevention and control.
* Appropriate diagnosis and management are essential for addressing these parasitic STIs.