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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 17, 2026

Transplantation of Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell-derived Mesoangioblast-like Myogenic Progenitors in Mouse Models of Muscle Regeneration

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Muscle transposition: does it still have a role?

Susan M Cera¹, Steven D Wexner

¹Department of Colorectal Surgery, Cleveland Clinic Florida, Weston, FL 33331, USA.

Clinics in Colon and Rectal Surgery

|December 17, 2009

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Skeletal muscle transposition, particularly gracilis muscle flaps, has evolved for fecal incontinence treatment. While electrical stimulation enhanced neosphincter function, technical demands and device availability impact current clinical use.

Keywords:

Fecal incontinence gluteoplasty graciloplasty muscle transposition neosphincter construction

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Transplantation of Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell-derived Mesoangioblast-like Myogenic Progenitors in Mouse Models of Muscle Regeneration

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Isolation, Culture, and Transplantation of Muscle Satellite Cells

Isolation, Culture, and Transplantation of Muscle Satellite Cells

Published on: April 8, 2014

Area of Science:

Surgical reconstruction
Gastroenterology
Pelvic floor disorders

Background:

Skeletal muscle transpositions have been used since the early 1900s for fecal incontinence.
Techniques evolved from gluteus maximus to gracilis muscle transposition.
Dynamic neosphincters using electrical stimulation improved efficacy but increased morbidity.

Purpose of the Study:

To review the evolution of skeletal muscle transposition techniques for fecal incontinence.
To discuss the role of electrical stimulation in neosphincter reconstruction.
To outline current applications and limitations of these techniques.

Main Methods:

Review of historical and current surgical techniques for fecal incontinence.
Analysis of the impact of electrical stimulation on neosphincter function.
Comparison of static versus dynamic neosphincter reconstructions.

Main Results:

Gracilis muscle transposition became preferred over gluteus maximus.
Electrical stimulation of transposed flaps created dynamic neosphincters.
Stimulated neosphincters are technically demanding with high morbidity.
The stimulator is unavailable in the US but used in Europe.
Gracilis transposition is used in the US with artificial bowel sphincters.

Conclusions:

Gracilis transposition remains a valuable technique for fecal incontinence.
Electrical stimulation offers potential but faces challenges in implementation.
Technological advancements and device availability influence treatment options globally.