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Polyps in children

Vincent R Adolph1, Kathryn Bernabe

  • 1Ochsner Clinic Foundation, New Orleans, LA 70121, USA. vadolph@ochsner.org

Clinics in Colon and Rectal Surgery
|December 17, 2009
PubMed

Insights

Pediatric intestinal polyps often cause bleeding or pain but are typically not malignant. This review covers diagnosis and management of various polyposis conditions in children, including Peutz-Jeghers syndrome and familial adenomatous polyposis.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Gastroenterology
  • Gastrointestinal Oncology
  • Clinical Genetics

Background:

  • Intestinal polyps in children commonly present with bleeding or pain.
  • Most pediatric polyps are sporadic and non-malignant, but polyposis syndromes require careful consideration.
  • Conditions like Peutz-Jeghers syndrome and familial adenomatous polyposis have distinct implications for cancer risk.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the diagnosis and management of various pediatric intestinal polyps.
  • To differentiate between sporadic juvenile polyps and inherited polyposis syndromes.
  • To highlight the cancer risks associated with specific polyposis conditions in children.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of pediatric intestinal polyps.
  • Analysis of diagnostic criteria for common and rare polyposis syndromes.
  • Summary of current management strategies and surveillance recommendations.

Main Results:

  • Sporadic juvenile polyps are common and generally benign.
  • Peutz-Jeghers syndrome, while rarely premalignant itself, increases the risk of other cancers.
  • Familial adenomatous polyposis carries a high risk of malignant transformation and extracolonic manifestations.

Conclusions:

  • Accurate diagnosis of pediatric intestinal polyps is crucial for appropriate management.
  • Distinguishing between sporadic and syndromic polyposis impacts long-term surveillance and cancer prevention strategies.
  • Early identification and management of polyposis syndromes can mitigate associated cancer risks in children.

Keywords:
Juvenile polypsPeutz–Jeghersfamilial polyposis

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