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Hepatitis D in Yaounde, Cameroon.

¹Department of Medicine, University of Yaounde, Cameroon.

APMIS : Acta Pathologica, Microbiologica, Et Immunologica Scandinavica

|February 1, 1991

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Hepatitis D virus (HDV) infection is prevalent in HBsAg-positive individuals in Yaounde, particularly among sickle cell patients. Blood transfusion appears to be a significant transmission route for HDV.

Area of Science:

Hepatology
Virology
Epidemiology

Background:

Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) positivity affects 10% of the Yaounde population.
The prevalence and transmission of hepatitis D virus (HDV) in this HBsAg-positive population remain largely unknown.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the prevalence of HDV infection, including antibodies (HDV-Ab) and antigen (HDV-Ag), in HBsAg-positive individuals in Yaounde.
To identify potential risk factors and transmission routes for HDV in the studied population.

Main Methods:

Sera from 110 HBsAg-positive subjects were tested for HDV infection markers (antibody and antigen).
The study population included pregnant women, prostitutes, patients with febrile jaundice, multitransfused sickle cell children, and medical students.

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Main Results:

Thirty out of 110 subjects (27.3%) tested positive for HDV antibodies.
Two out of 91 subjects tested (2.2%) were positive for HDV antigen.
Sickle cell children exhibited the highest HDV antibody prevalence at 62.5% (10/16).

Conclusions:

HDV infection is present in a significant proportion (one-fifth to one-third) of HBsAg-positive individuals in Yaounde.
Blood transfusion is suggested as a primary route of HDV transmission within this population.