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Related Concept Videos

Longitudinal Research02:20

Longitudinal Research

Sometimes we want to see how people change over time, as in studies of human development and lifespan. When we test the same group of individuals repeatedly over an extended period of time, we are conducting longitudinal research. Longitudinal research is a research design in which data-gathering is administered repeatedly over an extended period of time. For example, we may survey a group of individuals about their dietary habits at age 20, retest them a decade later at age 30, and then again...
Longitudinal Studies01:26

Longitudinal Studies

Longitudinal studies are also widely used in other medical and social science fields. For instance, in cardiovascular research, they can monitor patients' health over decades to identify risk factors for heart disease, such as high cholesterol or smoking, and evaluate the long-term effectiveness of preventive measures. Similarly, in mental health studies, researchers might follow individuals from adolescence into adulthood to understand the development and progression of conditions like...
Substance Use Disorders Affecting Sleep01:24

Substance Use Disorders Affecting Sleep

Substance use disorders involve a pattern of using drugs more extensively than intended and continuing use despite harmful consequences. This includes legal substances like alcohol and nicotine, as well as illegal drugs. These disorders often involve both physical and psychological dependence, reflecting compulsive use of substances that significantly alter thoughts, feelings, and behaviors, contributing to a major public health issue.
Understanding the concepts of physical dependence,...
Stress and Mental Health01:30

Stress and Mental Health

Chronic stress profoundly affects mental health, significantly influencing mood, behavior, and overall quality of life. Research closely links chronic stress with mental health conditions such as depression, anxiety, and substance use disorders. Ongoing exposure to stress can lead to physiological and psychological changes, initiating a cycle of emotional distress and maladaptive coping mechanisms.
Individuals with depression often experience challenges in both their personal and professional...
Drug Dependence01:17

Drug Dependence

Medications are typically administered to achieve therapeutic effects. Some drugs can modify an individual's mood and perception, frequently resulting in various enjoyable experiences. However, this can result in drug dependency, a condition marked by continuous drug use despite potential negative consequences. Drug dependency primarily falls into two categories: psychological and physical dependence. Psychological dependence occurs when the pleasurable feelings induced by the drug...
Drug Toxicity: Risk factors01:24

Drug Toxicity: Risk factors

Adverse Drug Reactions (ADRs) are potential complications that arise during pharmacotherapy, influenced by multiple risk factors. Age plays a significant role; both neonates and the elderly are at heightened risk due to their respective immature and diminished metabolic and elimination processes. Gender also impacts ADRs, with females experiencing a 1.5 to 1.7-fold greater risk than males, which may be linked to pharmacokinetic, pharmacodynamic, and hormonal differences. Notably, neonates, the...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 17, 2026

Brain Morphology of Cannabis Users With or Without Psychosis: A Pilot MRI Study
07:30

Brain Morphology of Cannabis Users With or Without Psychosis: A Pilot MRI Study

Published on: August 18, 2020

Multiple risk factor model predicting cannabis use and use disorders: a longitudinal study.

Mohammad R Hayatbakhsh1, Jake M Najman, William Bor

  • 1School of Population Health, The University of Queensland, Herston Road, Herston, Qld 4006, Australia. m.hayatbakhsh@uq.edu.au

The American Journal of Drug and Alcohol Abuse
|December 18, 2009
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Early life factors significantly predict adult cannabis use and cannabis use disorder. Identifying these predictors is crucial for developing effective prevention strategies for adolescent and young adult substance use.

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Area of Science:

  • Developmental Psychology
  • Public Health
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Understanding factors influencing cannabis initiation and continuation is vital for prevention.
  • Cannabis use and cannabis use disorder are significant public health concerns.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate early life course predictors of cannabis use.
  • To examine predictors for the development of cannabis use disorder in young adulthood.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized data from the Mater Hospital and University of Queensland Study of Pregnancy (MUSP) birth cohort.
  • Assessed 2,493 young adults at 21-year follow-up using Composite International Diagnostic Interview-computerized version (CIDI-Auto).
  • Collected life course predictor data from birth to age 14, assessing cannabis use and cannabis use disorder (DSM-IV criteria).

Main Results:

  • Over half (51.4%) of young adults reported lifetime cannabis use; 21.1% had a cannabis use disorder.
  • Key predictors included child's gender, maternal factors, school performance, childhood sexual abuse, and early adolescent substance use and delinquency.
  • Multiple risk factor exposure amplified the risk for cannabis use and related disorders.

Conclusions:

  • Several strong predictors for cannabis use and cannabis use disorder were identified.
  • The social environment during childhood significantly influences the likelihood of developing cannabis use and use disorders.