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Atherosclerosis I: Introduction

Atherosclerosis I: Introduction

Atherosclerosis is a progressive disorder characterized by the buildup of plaques on the arterial inner wall, causing them to narrow and harden over time. These plaques comprise lipids, calcium, blood components, carbohydrates, and fibrous tissue. The process primarily affects the intima of large and medium-sized arteries, reducing blood flow in any artery.Etiology and risk factorsThe cause of atherosclerosis is multifactorial, involving a complex interplay among endothelial injury, lipid...

Atherosclerosis II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Tests

Atherosclerosis II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Tests

Atherosclerosis is a progressive disorder that leads to the thickening and narrowing of arterial walls due to plaque buildup. This condition can cause various symptoms depending on the arteries affected:Coronary Artery Disease (CAD): This condition affects the coronary arteries and may lead to chest pain (angina), shortness of breath (dyspnea), heart attacks, and other heart disease symptoms.Cerebrovascular Disease: This affects blood flow to the brain, causing transient ischemic attacks (TIAs)...

Atherosclerosis III: Management

Atherosclerosis III: Management

Management of atherosclerosis involves an integrated strategy encompassing pharmacological treatment, surgical interventions, lifestyle changes, and nutrition therapy to address the multifactorial nature of the disease.Pharmacological TherapyA cornerstone of atherosclerosis management is the use of pharmacological agents. Statins, such as atorvastatin, are pivotal in inhibiting HMG-CoA reductase, an enzyme that catalyzes an initial step in cholesterol synthesis in the liver. This reduction in...

Atherosclerosis IV: Nursing Management

Atherosclerosis IV: Nursing Management

Nursing management for a patient with arteriosclerosis involves a comprehensive approach focusing on lifestyle modification, disease monitoring, education, and symptomatic care. Here is an overview of effective nursing strategies:Assessment and Monitoring: Initial and ongoing assessments are crucial. Nurses must document the patient's medical history, including any hypertension, diabetes, hyperlipidemia, and other cardiovascular diseases. Assessments also cover family history and lifestyle...

Peripheral Artery Disease I: Introduction

Peripheral Artery Disease I: Introduction

Peripheral artery disease (PAD) predominantly results from atherosclerosis, which involves the accumulation of fatty deposits, or plaques, within the walls of arteries. This causes them to narrow and harden, significantly reducing blood flow. PAD predominantly affects the legs, particularly the arteries supplying the thighs and calves. In rare cases, it may involve other arteries, including those in the arms.Etiology of PAD:The principal cause of PAD is atherosclerosis, which results from fatty...

Rheumatic Heart Disease I: Introduction

Rheumatic Heart Disease I: Introduction

Rheumatic heart disease or RHD is a chronic condition that results from rheumatic fever, causing permanent damage to the heart valves.Etiology and Risk FactorsIt primarily arises from rheumatic fever, an inflammatory disease that can develop after untreated or inadequately treated group A streptococcal (GAS) pharyngitis. Streptococcus spreads through direct contact with oral or respiratory secretions. While the bacteria are the causative agents, factors like malnutrition, overcrowding, poor...

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Updated: Jun 17, 2026

Quantitative Analysis and Characterization of Atherosclerotic Lesions in the Murine Aortic Sinus

Quantitative Analysis and Characterization of Atherosclerotic Lesions in the Murine Aortic Sinus

Published on: December 7, 2013

Atherosclerosis in systemic lupus erythematosus.

Yaniv Sherer¹, Hasia Zinger, Yehuda Shoenfeld

¹Hospital Management, Tel-Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel-Aviv, Israel.

|December 18, 2009

Summary

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients face higher cardiovascular risks due to accelerated atherosclerosis. Understanding traditional and disease-specific factors is key for preventing heart events in SLE.

Area of Science:

Rheumatology
Immunology
Cardiology

Background:

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disease with significant cardiovascular morbidity and mortality.
Atherosclerosis, a key contributor to cardiovascular events in SLE, shares inflammatory characteristics with autoimmune processes.
Cardiovascular manifestations are a leading cause of late-stage mortality in SLE patients.

Purpose of the Study:

To review the multifaceted risk factors contributing to accelerated atherosclerosis in SLE patients.
To highlight the interplay between traditional, disease-related, and specific inflammatory mechanisms driving cardiovascular risk in SLE.
To emphasize the need for targeted surveillance and prevention strategies for atherosclerosis in SLE.

Main Methods:

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Last Updated: Jun 17, 2026

Quantitative Analysis and Characterization of Atherosclerotic Lesions in the Murine Aortic Sinus

Quantitative Analysis and Characterization of Atherosclerotic Lesions in the Murine Aortic Sinus

Published on: December 7, 2013

Literature review and synthesis of existing research on SLE and cardiovascular disease.

Analysis of traditional cardiovascular risk factors (e.g., Framingham risk factors) in the context of SLE.

Examination of SLE-specific factors including disease duration, steroid use, renal involvement, and inflammatory markers.

Main Results:

SLE patients exhibit increased risk for both atherosclerotic and thromboembolic cardiovascular events.
Risk factors include traditional ones, disease duration, steroid therapy, renal disease, and specific autoimmune responses.
Key inflammatory mechanisms involve antibodies to beta2GPI, anticardiolipin, oxidized LDL, heat shock proteins, complement activation, impaired TGF-beta1 activation, and elevated CRP.

Conclusions:

Accelerated atherosclerosis is a major concern in SLE, driven by a combination of factors.
Effective management requires addressing both traditional and SLE-specific risk factors.
Proactive surveillance and preventive measures are crucial to mitigate cardiovascular events in SLE patients.