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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 17, 2026

Visualization of IL-22-expressing Lymphocytes Using Reporter Mice
10:30

Visualization of IL-22-expressing Lymphocytes Using Reporter Mice

Published on: January 25, 2017

Targeting interleukin-21 in immune-mediated pathologies.

Massimiliano Sarra1, Francesco Pallone, Thomas T Macdonald

  • 1Department of Internal Medicine, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome, Italy.

Current Drug Targets
|December 18, 2009
PubMed
Summary

Interleukin-21 (IL-21) drives tissue damage by regulating immune cells and non-immune cells. Neutralizing IL-21 shows promise in treating inflammatory diseases.

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Last Updated: Jun 17, 2026

Visualization of IL-22-expressing Lymphocytes Using Reporter Mice
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Induction of Ocular Surface Inflammation and Collection of Involved Tissues
06:38

Induction of Ocular Surface Inflammation and Collection of Involved Tissues

Published on: August 4, 2022

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Interleukin-21 (IL-21) is a cytokine primarily produced by activated CD4+ T cells.
  • IL-21 plays a critical role in immune responses and tissue homeostasis.
  • Dysregulation of IL-21 contributes to various immune-mediated pathologies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the current understanding of IL-21 expression and its function in immune-mediated diseases.
  • To highlight the pathogenic mechanisms driven by IL-21.
  • To discuss the therapeutic potential of IL-21 neutralization.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies on IL-21 in immune-mediated pathologies.
  • Analysis of IL-21's effects on various immune and non-immune cells.
  • Examination of evidence from preclinical models of inflammatory diseases.

Main Results:

  • IL-21 regulates key immune cell functions, including T cell differentiation, B cell activation, and cytotoxic cell activity.
  • IL-21 promotes inflammation by inhibiting regulatory T cells and stimulating non-immune cells.
  • IL-21 neutralization has demonstrated beneficial effects in mouse models of inflammatory diseases.

Conclusions:

  • IL-21 is a significant mediator of tissue damage in immune-mediated pathologies.
  • Targeting IL-21 represents a potential therapeutic strategy for inflammatory diseases.
  • Further research is warranted to fully elucidate IL-21's role and therapeutic applications.